Application of Mental Skills Training in Surgery: A Review of Its Effectiveness and Proposed Next Steps
Application of Mental Skills Training in Surgery: A Review of Its Effectiveness and Proposed Next Steps
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DOI：
10.1089/lap.2016.0656
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Stefanidis, Dimitrios
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anton, Nicholas E.;Bean, Eric A.;Stefanidis, Dimitrios
引言：心理技能训练，指的是提高成绩和压力管理心理策略的教学，可能对外科医生有所裨益。我们的目的是回顾心理技能训练在外科手术中的应用，并将其与其他领域进行比较，检验这种方法在提高手术成绩和减轻压力方面的有效性，并为手术心理技能训练提供未来的方向。材料和方法：对1996-2016年间的MEDLINE、PubMed、QicINFO和ClinicalKey进行系统的文献检索。关键词包括心理准备、心理能力、心理技能、心理实践、表象、心理表象、心理排练、压力管理训练、压力应对、心理训练、表演增强和手术。回顾了运动中的心理技能干预和备受好评的运动心理学教科书。感兴趣的主要结果是心理技能对模拟或临床环境中手术效果的影响。结果：在490篇确定的摘要中，28篇文章符合纳入标准，并进行了综述。大多数文献提供的证据表明，心理想象和压力管理训练计划在提高手术效果和减轻压力方面是有效的。来自其他学科的研究表明，综合心理技能课程可能比单独使用表象和压力管理技术更有效。结论：鉴于心理表象和压力管理训练在外科手术中的有效性，以及综合心理技能课程在其他领域应用的增量价值，在外科培训中应共同努力应用综合心理技能课程。
Introduction: Mental skills training, which refers to the teaching of performance enhancement and stress management psychological strategies, may benefit surgeons. Our objective was to review the application of mental skills training in surgery and contrast it to other domains, examine the effectiveness of this approach in enhancing surgical performance and reducing stress, and provide future directions for mental skills training in surgery.Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ClinicalKey was performed between 1996 and 2016. Keywords included were mental readiness, mental competency, mental skill, mental practice, imagery, mental imagery, mental rehearsal, stress management training, stress coping, mental training, performance enhancement, and surgery. Reviews of mental skills interventions in sport and well-regarded sport psychology textbooks were also reviewed. Primary outcome of interest was the effect of mental skills on surgical performance in the simulated or clinical environment.Results: Of 490 identified abstracts, 28 articles met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. The majority of the literature provides evidence that mental imagery and stress management training programs are effective at enhancing surgical performance and reducing stress. Studies from other disciplines suggest that comprehensive mental skills programs may be more effective than imagery and stress management techniques alone.Conclusions: Given the demonstrated efficacy of mental imagery and stress management training in surgery and the incremental value of comprehensive mental skills curricula used in other domains, a concerted effort should be made to apply comprehensive mental skills curricula during surgical training.