High Plasmodium malariae Prevalence in an Endemic Area of the Colombian Amazon Region.
High Plasmodium malariae Prevalence in an Endemic Area of the Colombian Amazon Region.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0159968
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Patarroyo MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Camargo-Ayala PA;Cubides JR;Niño CH;Camargo M;Rodríguez-Celis CA;Quiñones T;Sánchez-Suárez L;Patarroyo ME;Patarroyo MA
疟疾是一个世界性的公共卫生问题；来自疟原虫属的寄生虫是这种疾病的病原体。这些寄生虫大多是通过传统的基于显微镜的技术来诊断的；然而，它们的局限性导致了对报告的疟疾物种流行情况的低估。因此，本研究的目的是评估哥伦比亚亚马逊地区三种疟原虫的感染和混合感染情况。用皮肤穿刺法采集671例有症状患者的血样，用套式聚合酶链式反应扩增18S单链核糖核酸区，以确定间日疟原虫、间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫的存在。统计分析确定了感染和合并感染的频率，建立了感染与不同因素之间的联系。结果表明，间日疟原虫出现频率最高(61.4%)，其次为疟疾(43.8%)和恶性疟原虫(11.8%)。研究表明，35.8%的人群合并感染，其中间日疟原虫/间日疟原虫混合感染最常见(28.3%)，年龄、地理来源和临床表现等因素与三重感染有关。这项研究报告的流行率与哥伦比亚以前的研究不同；结果表明，使用传统技术进行诊断可能会导致低估一些疟原虫种。在哥伦比亚(特别是在哥伦比亚亚马逊地区)具有高流通率的物种。目前的研究结果显示，在所研究的人群中，疟疾和混合感染的流行率很高。研究结果提供了相关信息，有助于更新流行病学全貌和物种分布，以便包括控制、预防和后续措施。
Malaria is a worldwide public health problem; parasites from the genus Plasmodium are the aetiological agent for this disease. The parasites are mostly diagnosed by conventional microscopy-based techniques; however, their limitations have led to under-registering the reported prevalence of Plasmodium species. This study has thus been aimed at evaluating the infection and coinfection prevalence of 3 species of Plasmodium spp., in an area of the Colombian Amazon region. Blood samples were taken from 671 symptomatic patients by skin puncture; a nested PCR amplifying the 18S ssRNA region was used on all samples to determine the presence of P. vivax, P. malariae and P. falciparum. Statistical analysis determined infection and coinfection frequency; the association between infection and different factors was established. The results showed that P. vivax was the species having the greatest frequency in the study population (61.4%), followed by P. malariae (43.8%) and P. falciparum (11.8%). The study revealed that 35.8% of the population had coinfection, the P. vivax/P. malariae combination occurring most frequently (28.3%); factors such as age, geographical origin and clinical manifestations were found to be associated with triple-infection. The prevalence reported in this study differed from previous studies in Colombia; the results suggest that diagnosis using conventional techniques could be giving rise to underestimating some Plasmodium spp. species having high circulation rates in Colombia (particularly in the Colombian Amazon region). The present study’s results revealed a high prevalence of P. malariae and mixed infections in the population being studied. The results provide relevant information which should facilitate updating the epidemiological panorama and species’ distribution so as to include control, prevention and follow-up measures.