Taxonomy of the late Ediacaran index fossil Cloudina and a new similar taxon from South China
Taxonomy of the late Ediacaran index fossil Cloudina and a new similar taxon from South China
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埃迪卡拉晚期化石Cloudina的分类及华南新的类似分类单元
DOI：
10.1016/j.precamres.2017.05.016
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hua, Hong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cai, Yaoping;Cortijo, Ivan;Hua, Hong
Cloudina是埃迪卡拉纪晚期的管状化石，几乎在每个大陆都有发现。它通常是一个毫米到厘米大小的圆锥管，由多个嵌套的漏斗形元件组成，形成了典型的“漏斗-在-漏斗”管结构。虽然已经广泛地重建了Cloudina的形态和古生态，但仍然缺乏全面的形态描述，特别是能够进行种间区分的描述，这主要是由于较差的攻丝分辨率。在这里，我们展示了从晚埃迪卡拉世灯影组(陕西南部，中国南部)三维保存的Cloudina化石的一些种间变化。对已发表的中国云藻进行了系统的重新评价：已发表的两个种(中华云母和李家沟云母)是模式种(哈特曼亚种)和两个新种(宁强云母属)的异名。和宣江平菇(C.xuanjiangpingensis n.sp.)都是成立的。模式种和两个新种的区别在于出现在漏斗不同部分的横向和/或斜环的位置。一种新的共生类云彩化石--中国多锥管化石。ET sp.Nov.，具有“锥中锥”管状结构，并对这些分类群进行了详细的比较。修订后的Cloudina化石分类不仅增加了我们对这些重要生物的形态差异的了解，而且有助于重建它们的古地理分布和相关的古生态动力学。(C)2017年，由爱思唯尔出版。
Cloudina is a late Ediacaran tubular fossil known from almost every continent. It is typically a mm- to cm sized conical tube consisting of multiple, nested, funnel-shaped elements, forming the diagnostic "funnel-in-funnel" tube construction. Although the morphology and paleoecology of Cloudina have been extensively reconstructed, a comprehensive morphological description, specifically to enable interspecific distinction, is yet lacking, primarily due to poor taphonomic resolution. Here we illustrate a number of interspecific variations of three-dimensionally preserved Cloudina fossils from the late Ediacaran Dengying Formation (southern Shaanxi Province, South China). A systematic re-evaluation of previously published Chinese Cloudina is documented: two published species (C. sinensis and C. lijiagouensis) are synonymized with the type species (C. hartmannae) and two new species (C. ningqiangensis n. sp. and C. xuanjiangpingensis n. sp.) are established. The type species and the two new species are distinguished by the location of transverse and/or oblique annulations occurring at different portions of the funnel. A new co-occurring Cloudina-like fossil, Multiconotubus chinensis gen. et sp. nov., with a "cone-in-cone" tubular construction is also reported and described in this study, and a detailed comparison is provided between these taxa. The revised taxonomy of Cloudina fossils not only adds to our knowledge of morphological disparity of these important organisms, but also helps to reconstruct their paleogeographic distribution and related paleoecological dynamics. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.