"Having the right chemistry": A qualitative study of mentoring in academic medicine
"Having the right chemistry": A qualitative study of mentoring in academic medicine
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DOI：
10.1097/00001888-200303000-00020
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Inui, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson, VA;Palepu, A;Inui, T
目的。通过探索学术医学教师的生活经验，加深对指导的理解。师徒关系是在学术医学领域发展富有成效的职业生涯的关键，但这种联盟有某种“神秘”的方法。在1999年11月至2000年3月期间，作者使用定性技术对16名教师进行了电话采访，询问他们在辅导方面的经验。采访被录音和转录，作者通过多次阅读确定主要主题。对内容进行分类的共识分类法是从四位审阅者的编码比较中发展而来的。研究参与者所表达的主题的联系模式，并将其分为更广泛的类别。几乎98%的参与者认为缺乏指导是阻碍学术医学职业发展的第一（42%）或第二（56%）最重要的因素。找到一个合适的导师需要努力和坚持。有效的指导需要某种化学反应来实现适当的人际匹配。有价值的导师具有“影响力”、知识和对学员的兴趣，并提供专业和个人支持。在跨性别指导中，保持清晰的界限对于有效的关系至关重要。导师和学员之间的同性或同种族匹配并不是必要的。要想在学术医学领域取得成功，有一位导师是至关重要的。学员需要勤奋地寻求这些关系，机构需要鼓励和重视导师的工作。没有正式指导关系的参与者应该向同伴和同事寻求帮助，以导航学术系统。
Purpose. To develop a deeper understanding of mentoring by exploring lived experiences of academic medicine faculty members. Mentoring relationships are key to developing productive careers in academic medicine, but such alliances hold a certain "mystery."Method. Using qualitative techniques, between November 1999 and March 2000, the authors conducted individual telephone interviews of 16 faculty members about their experiences with mentoring. Interviews were taped and transcribed and authors identified major themes through multiple readings. A consensus taxonomy for classifying content evolved from comparisons of coding by four reviewers. Themes expressed by participants were studied for patterns of connection and grouped into broader categories.Results. Almost 98% of participants identified lack of mentoring as the first (42%) or second (56%) most important factor hindering career progress in academic medicine. Finding a suitable mentor requires effort and persistence. Effective mentoring necessitates a certain chemistry for an appropriate interpersonal match. Prized mentors have "clout," knowledge, and interest in the mentees, and provide both professional and personal support. In cross-gender mentoring, maintaining clear boundaries is essential for an effective relationship. Samegender or same-race matches between mentor and mentee were not felt to be essential.Conclusions. Having a mentor is critical to having a successful career in academic medicine. Mentees need to be diligent in seeking out these relationships and institutions need to encourage and value the work of mentors. Participants without formalized mentoring relationships should look to peers and colleagues for assistance in navigating the academic system.