The Neurobiology of Circadian Rhythms.
The Neurobiology of Circadian Rhythms.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psc.2015.07.003
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pickard GE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sollars PJ;Pickard GE
自然界的日常节奏，如花朵的开放和关闭，我们的睡眠和觉醒模式，以及它们与昼夜不断变化的联系，在古代就被认识到了，尽管它们的起源直到18世纪才受到质疑。法国天文学家Jean-Jacques d 'Ortous de Mairan进行了一项调查，研究含羞草的叶子是否会因光照而打开。虽然德·梅兰的实验是第一个质疑这种日常节律起源的人，但奥古斯丁·皮拉摩斯·德·坎多勒被认为是第一个提出它们是通过内部计时机制产生的。1832年，de Candolle得出结论，在恒定的光照条件下观察到的含羞草叶子折叠和展开的节奏一定来自“植物内部”，2因为在这种条件下观察到的节奏只表达了大约24小时的周期，所以它们被称为“昼夜节律”节奏，来自拉丁语circa“大约”和dies“天”。大约半个世纪后，查尔斯·达尔文（Charles Darwin）对树叶的运动也得出了类似的结论，他进一步写道：“我们可以得出结论，它们运动的周期性在一定程度上是遗传的”。随着时间的推移，研究人员越来越意识到，不仅植物，而且包括人类在内的所有生物都显示出由内部计时系统或内源性生物钟产生的日常节律。4-8*通讯作者Patricia J. Sollars博士，内布拉斯加大学兽医和生物医学科学学院，内布拉斯加州林肯市菲尔街和东校区卢普，68583,Patricia。sollars@多人。edu。
Daily rhythms in nature, such as the opening and closing of flowers or our patterns of sleep and wakefulness and their association with the perpetual alteration of night and day, were recognized in antiquity although their origins were not questioned until the eighteenth century. The French Astronomer Jean-Jacques d’Ortous de Mairan conducted an investigation into whether the leaves of the Mimosa plant opened in response to light. 1 While de Mairan’s experiments were the first to question the origin of such daily rhythms, Augustin Pyramus de Candolle is credited with the first suggestion that they arose through an internal timekeeping mechanism. In 1832, de Candolle concluded that the rhythm of Mimosa leaf folding and unfolding observed under constant light conditions must come “from within the plant”, 2 and because rhythms observed under such conditions express a period of only approximately 24 hours, they have come to be called “circadian” rhythms, from the Latin circa “about” and dies “day”. Almost a half a century later Charles Darwin came to a similar conclusion regarding leaf movements, writing further that “we may conclude that the periodicity of their movements is to a certain extent inherited”. 3 As time progressed, investigators became increasingly aware that not only plants, but all organisms including humans displayed daily rhythms that were generated by an internal time-keeping system or endogenous biological clock. 4-8* Corresponding Author Patricia J. Sollars, Ph. D., School of Veterinary Medicine and BIomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska, Fair Street and East Campus Loop, Lincoln, NE 68583, patricia. sollars@ unl. edu.