THE EMERGENCE OF A TOOL-USING SKILL IN INFANCY
THE EMERGENCE OF A TOOL-USING SKILL IN INFANCY
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.25.6.894
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发表时间：
1989-11-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
DALGLEISH, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CONNOLLY, K;DALGLEISH, M
使用勺子吃饭是大多数婴儿获得的第一批工具使用技能之一。这篇文章描述和分析了这项技能是如何在生命的第二年建立的。对一组10-58个月的婴儿进行了初步研究，确定了一些行为类别，并制定了措施。研究开始时，两组年龄分别为11个月和17个月的婴儿被观察了6个月，每隔一个月观察一次。对用餐时间的录像带进行了详细的分析，包括提取以下方面的数据：手的使用、握手模式、视觉监控、动作中涉及的动作、对侧手的活动、勺子轨迹、动作的时间结构等。通过组内和组间的比较来检验能力的出现。从解决特定问题的战略的出现以及部署这些战略的日益一致性和可靠性的角度来讨论工具使用技能的获得。
The use of a spoon for eating is one of the first tool-using skills acquired by most infants. The article provides a description and analysis of how the skill is built during the second year of life. A number of behavior categories were identified and measures were developed from a pilot study on a group of infants aged 10-58 months. Two groups of infants, aged 11 and 17 months, respectively, when the study began, were observed at monthly intervals over a 6-month period. Videotapes of mealtimes were subjected to detailed analysis that included extracting data on the following: hand use, grip pattern, visual monitoring, movements involved in the action, activities of the contralateral hand, spoon trajectory, temporal structure of the action, and so on. The emergence of competence was examined through comparisons within and between the groups. The acquisition of a tool-using skill is discussed in terms of the emergence of strategies to solve particular problems and the increasing consistency and reliability with which these are deployed.