Self-organizing aerial mesh networks for emergency communication
Self-organizing aerial mesh networks for emergency communication
复制标题
用于应急通信的自组织空中网状网络
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Bononi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. D. Felice;A. Trotta;L. Bedogni;K. Chowdhury;L. Bononi
确保灾后场景中的网络连通性具有挑战性，但对于拯救人类生命和协调第一响应者的行动至关重要。在本文中，我们研究了利用低空空中网状网络组成的小型无人机（SUAVs），以重新建立位于地面上的孤立的终端用户（EU）设备之间的连接。空中ad-hoc网络提供了在陆地移动的设备可能不工作的关键场景上也可部署的优点，然而，从移动性管理和覆盖寿命的角度来看，它们的实现是具有挑战性的。在本文中，我们解决这两个问题，三个新的研究贡献。首先，我们提出了一个分布式的移动性算法，基于虚拟弹簧模型，通过该SUAV为基础的网状节点，也称为修复单元（罗斯）在这项研究中，可以自组织成一个网状结构，通过保证服务质量（QoS）的空中链路，并连接最大数量的欧盟设备。其次，我们评估我们的计划在一个现实的3D环境中的建筑物，我们证明了空中部署的有效性相比，地面的，在覆盖范围和无线链路的可靠性。第三，我们解决了能源寿命的问题，我们提出了一个分布式的充电调度方案，通过该方案可以保证在紧急情况下的持久覆盖的罗斯。
Guaranteeing network connectivity in post-disaster scenarios is challenging yet crucial to save human lives and to coordinate the operations of first responders. In this paper, we investigate the utilization of low-altitude aerial mesh networks composed by Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAVs) in order to re-enstablish connectivity among isolated end-user (EU) devices located on the ground. Aerial ad-hoc networks provide the advantage to be deployable also on critical scenarios where terrestrial mobile devices might not operate, however their implementation is challenging from the point of view of mobility management and of coverage lifetime. In this paper, we address both these issues with three novel research contributions. First, we propose a distributed mobility algorithm, based on the virtual spring model, through which the SUAV-based mesh node-called also Repairing Units (RUs) in this study- can self-organize into a mesh structure by guaranteeing Quality of Service (QoS) over the aerial link, and connecting the maximum number of EU devices. Second, we evaluate our scheme on a realistic 3D environment with buildings, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of the aerial deployment compared to a terrestrial one, in terms of coverage and wireless link reliability. Third, we address the problem of energy lifetime, and we propose a distributed charging scheduling scheme, through which a persistent coverage of RUs can be guaranteed over the emergency scenario.