Chromosome alterations caused by hybridization and their bearing upon certain general genetic problems
Chromosome alterations caused by hybridization and their bearing upon certain general genetic problems
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DOI：
10.1508/cytologia.5.169
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发表时间：
1934-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
NAVASHIN, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NAVASHIN, M.
当某些种的染色体发生改变时。所有的克雷皮人都被跨越了。这种改变被称为双侧成形术。散发性双侧成形术具有偶然性，包括各种染色体重排。常规的两足成形术总是在给定的种间组合中发生。这又包括差异化和中立性两足成形术。差异两栖成形术只影响某些染色体，并已在21个杂交种中的13个建立起来。它与染色体近端融合，导致卫星消失。这种变化总是发生在给定的杂交种中，无论杂交是在哪个方向进行的。多倍体不会改变这一状况。这种变化是可逆的，一旦通过分离的方法提取到纯染色体补体，随体染色体就会恢复正常形状。中性两性成形术表现在一组特定的所有染色体上，包括对所有染色体的普遍缩短或加长。计量研究表明，一个给定的sp.的所有染色体。也会以同样的方式受到影响。因此，毛细管锦鸡儿×忽略锦鸡儿的染色体总长度增加了16%，而忽略锦鸡儿的染色体总长度减少了14%。在两个单倍体群体中，变化的方向不同，但一个特定群体总是变短，而另一个群体则变长。|摘要作者：E.R.Helwig
Chromosomal alterations occur when certain spp. of Crepis are crossed. Such alteration is termed amphi-plasty. Sporadic amphiplasty is characterized by its chance occurrence and includes various chromosomal reorganizations. Regular amphiplasty occurs invariably in a given interspecific combination. This in turn includes differential and neutral amphiplasty. Differential amphiplasty affects only certain chromosomes, and has been established in 13 out of 21 hybrids. It causes the disappearance of the satellite due to its fusion with the proximal end of the chromosome. This change always occurs in a given hybrid no matter in which direction the cross is made. Polyploidy does not alter this condition. The change is reversible, and the satellited chromosome recovers its normal shape as soon as the pure chromosome complement is extracted by means of segregation. Neutral amphiplasty is manifested in all the chromosomes of a specific set and consists in a general shortening or lengthening of all the chromosomes. Metrical studies have shown that all the chromosomes of a given sp. are affected in the same way. Thus, in the hybrid C. capillaris X C. neglecta the total length of the C. capillaris chromosomes is increased by 16% while that of the C. neglecta group is decreased by 14%. In no case did the change occur in the same direction in both haploid groups, but one specific group always shortened while the other lengthened. || ABSTRACT AUTHORS: E. R. Helwig