Explaining Underrepresentation: A Theory of Precluded Interest
Explaining Underrepresentation: A Theory of Precluded Interest
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DOI：
10.1007/s11199-010-9835-x
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Plaut, Victoria C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheryan, Sapna;Plaut, Victoria C.
在美国，什么过程最能解释女性在科学、数学和工程领域的代表性不足？它们是否也能解释男性在人文学科中的代表性不足？两项针对美国西海岸两所大学的调查研究（N=62； N=614）在两个领域的背景下解决了这些问题：一个以男性为主（计算机科学），另一个以女性为主（英语）。在一系列社会预测因素中——包括与该领域的人的感知相似性、社会身份威胁和对成功的期望——感知相似性是女性对计算机科学的低兴趣和男性对英语的低兴趣的最佳中介。因此，改变学生对他们如何与该领域的人联系的社会观念可能有助于学术领域的多样化。
What processes best explain women's underrepresentation in science, math, and engineering fields in the U.S.? Do they also explain men's underrepresentation in the humanities? Two survey studies across two U.S. West Coast universities (N=62; N=614) addressed these questions in the context of two fields: one male-dominated (computer science) and the other female-dominated (English). Among a set of social predictors-including perceived similarity to the people in the field, social identity threats, and expectations of success-the best mediator of women's lower interest in computer science and men's lower interest in English was perceived similarity. Thus, changing students' social perceptions of how they relate to those in the field may help to diversify academic fields.