International practices
International practices
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DOI：
10.1017/s175297191000031x
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Pouliot, Vincent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adler, Emanuel;Pouliot, Vincent
在本文中，我们通过其多种实践的镜头来接近世界政治，我们将其定义为胜任的表现。从国际实践的角度来研究国际关系有三个关键的进展。首先，通过关注国际关系的实践，我们可以更好或不同地理解国际关系理论和国际政治。世界政治可以被认为是由实践构成的，实践赋予国际行动以意义，使战略互动成为可能，并通过国际行动和互动得以复制、改变和加强。这一焦点有助于拓宽世界政治的本体论，作为国际关系理论辩论的焦点，可以作为超越传统的“分析层次”理解的分析单元。我们通过重温托马斯·谢林（Thomas Schelling）关于讨价还价的开创性著作来说明什么是国际惯例。其次，借助冷战期间的威慑和军备控制以及冷战后的合作安全等实践的例证，我们展示了这些实践如何构成更普遍的战略互动和讨价还价。最后，实践视角开启了一个令人兴奋和创新的研究议程，提出了新的研究问题和困惑，并重新审视了我们学科的核心概念，包括权力、历史和战略。
In this article, we approach world politics through the lens of its manifold practices, which we define as competent performances. Studying International Relations (IR) from the perspective of international practices promises three key advances. First, by focusing on practices in IR, we can understand both IR theory and international politics better or differently. World politics can be conceived as structured by practices, which give meaning to international action, make possible strategic interaction, and are reproduced, changed, and reinforced by international action and interaction. This focus helps broaden the ontology of world politics, serves as a focal point around which debates in IR theory can be structured, and can be used as a unit of analysis that transcends traditional understandings of 'levels of analysis'. We illustrate what an international practice is by revisiting Thomas Schelling's seminal works on bargaining. Second, with the help of illustrations of deterrence and arms control during the Cold War and of post-Cold War practices such as cooperative security, we show how practices constitute strategic interaction and bargaining more generally. Finally, a practice perspective opens an exciting and innovative research agenda, which suggests new research questions and puzzles, and revisits central concepts of our discipline, including power, history, and strategy.