New trends in immunoassays
New trends in immunoassays
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DOI：
10.1007/10_2007_075
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Seydack, Matthias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chan, Cangel Pui-yee;Cheung, Yiu-chi;Seydack, Matthias
本文特别关注免疫分析和新一代侧流分析中的信号放大技术。基于由可释放荧光团组成的新型生物功能纳米晶体或基于聚集诱导发射（AIE）的新型信号放大技术可以提高免疫测定中的灵敏度和检测限。生物barcocle测定还允许通过利用抗体包被的磁珠来浓缩分析物和抗体包被的金纳米颗粒探针来携带大量荧光素而进行信号放大。这些创新技术推动了免疫分析的发展。快速免疫分析的增长受到糖尿病患者数量增加、传染病全球化以及心血管和其他慢性疾病以及其他慢性疾病激增的推动。快速、接近患者、分散的床旁（POC）检测正在成为一种更有效的诊断和患者评估工具。侧流检测的技术创新使检测更接近患者。一种新的"数字式"侧流分析提供了半定量的结果，通过简单地计算测试中的红线的数量，没有任何昂贵的阅读仪器。基于免疫阈值的测定可以给出与半抗原浓度成正比的信号，以防止对测试结果的解释产生混淆。此外，通过结合新技术的优势提供定量结果，POC测试对医疗保健专业人员变得更有意义。分子光盘提供了高分辨率的成像能力，可以在高度复杂的免疫测定中同时识别和定量许多不同的抗原。免疫测定的进一步发展将使诊断测试更接近患者，并可以帮助医生监测需要立即测试结果的疾病，从而提高患者护理的质量。
This article takes a special focus on signal amplification technologies in immunoassays and new generations of lateral-flow assays. Novel signal amplification technologies based either on new classes of biofunctional nanocrystals consisting of releasable fluorophores or on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) can improve the sensitivity and the limits of detection in immunoassays. A bio-barcocle assay also allows signal amplification by utilizing antibody-coated magnetic beads to concentrate the analytes and antibody-coated gold nanoparticle probes to carry with a large number of oligonucleoticles. These innovative technologies boost the development of immunoassays.Growth in rapid immunoassay is fueled by the increasing number of diabetics, the globalization of infectious diseases and the surge in cardiovascular and other chronic diseases as well as other chronic conditions. Rapid, near patient, decentralized, point-of-care (POC) tests are emerging as a tool for more efficient diagnosis and patient evaluation. Technological innovations in lateral-flow assays have enabled a move to bring testing closer to the patient. A novel "digital-style" lateral-flow assay provides semi-quantitative results by simply counting the number of red lines in the test without any expensive reading instrument. An immuno-threshold-based assay can give a signal directly proportional to the concentration of a hapten to prevent confusion on interpretation of the test results. In addition, POC tests become more meaningful to healthcare professionals by combining the benefits of new technologies to provide quantitative results. A molecular compact disc provides a high-resolution imaging capability that can identify and quantify many different antigens simultaneously in highly complex immunoassays.Further advances in immunoassays will bring diagnostic testing even closer to the patient, and can help physicians to monitor diseases that require immediate test results, thereby enhancing the quality of patient care.