Postpartum body condition score and results from the first test day milk as predictors of disease, fertility, yield, and culling in commercial dairy herds
Postpartum body condition score and results from the first test day milk as predictors of disease, fertility, yield, and culling in commercial dairy herds
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75236-7
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Dobbelaar, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heuer, C;Schukken, YH;Dobbelaar, P
该研究使用来自常规牛群健康服务的现场数据来调查身体状况评分或第一个测试日的牛奶数据与疾病发生率、产奶量、繁殖力和扑杀之间的关系。应用对风险时间进行调整的路径模型分析来描绘事件的时间顺序。产奶热多发生于肥牛，子宫内膜炎多发生于产犊至泌乳20天之间。与正常状况下的奶牛相比，肥牛在第一次配种时受孕的可能性较低。产后身体状况不佳、首测日产奶量较高以及脂肪与蛋白质比率 >1.5 会增加身体状况的恶化。肥胖或瘦弱状况或状况丧失与其他哺乳期疾病、生育参数、产奶量或淘汰无关。第一个测试日，产奶热后产奶量增加了 1.3 公斤，皱胃移位后产奶量降低了 7.1 公斤。首测日较高的产奶量直接增加了卵巢囊肿和跛行的风险，增加了100天的产奶量，并降低了淘汰的风险，并间接降低了繁殖性能。脂肪与蛋白质比率>1.5的奶牛患酮症、真胃移位、卵巢囊肿、跛行和乳腺炎的风险较高。这些奶牛产奶量较高，但繁殖性能较差。鉴于此类牛群健康数据，我们得出的结论是，与身体状况评分或身体状况评分损失相比，第一个测试日的产奶量和脂肪与蛋白质比率是疾病、生育力和产奶量更可靠的指标。
The study used field data from a regular herd health service to investigate the relationships between body condition scores or first test day milk data and disease incidence, milk yield, fertility, and culling. Path model analysis with adjustment for time at risk was applied to delineate the time sequence of events. Milk fever occurred more often in fat cows, and endometritis occurred between calving and 20 d of lactation more often in thin cows. Fat cows were less likely to conceive at first service than were cows in normal condition. Fat body condition postpartum, higher first test day milk yield, and a fat to protein ratio of >1.5 increased body condition loss. Fat or thin condition or condition loss was not related to other lactation diseases, fertility parameters, milk yield, or culling. First test day milk yield was 1.3 kg higher after milk fever and was 7.1 kg lower after displaced abomasum. Higher first test day milk yield directly increased the risk of ovarian cyst and lameness, increased 100-d milk yield, and reduced the risk of culling and indirectly decreased reproductive performance. Cows with a fat to protein ratio of >1.5 had higher risks for ketosis, displaced abomasum, ovarian cyst, lameness, and mastitis. Those cows produced more milk but showed poor reproductive performance. Given this type of herd health data, we concluded that the first test day milk yield and the fat to protein ratio were more reliable indicators of disease, fertility, and milk yield than was body condition score or loss of body condition score.