The Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on the Functional Connectivity of Human Brain Networks.
The Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on the Functional Connectivity of Human Brain Networks.
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DOI：
10.3233/bpl-160039
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发表时间：
2017-03-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Voss MW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weng TB;Pierce GL;Darling WG;Falk D;Magnotta VA;Voss MW
尽管有有希望的证据表明定期体育活动可以抵消与年龄相关的认知和大脑功能下降，但这种神经保护机制仍不清楚。运动的急性影响可以通过反映系统的瞬时调节来深入了解大脑适应习惯性运动的机制，随后通过重复的训练课程积累长期的适应。然而，方法论的局限性阻碍了从之前研究急性运动对人脑影响的研究中获得的机制见解。在当前的研究中，我们使用静息态功能连接分析来测试功能性大脑网络对有氧运动的单一刺激的可塑性。在健康年轻人（N = 12；年龄 = 23.2岁；6名女性）和老年人（N = 13；年龄 = 66.3岁；6名女性）样本中，我们发现30分钟的中等强度有氧循环选择性地增加了与情感和奖励处理、学习和记忆相关的大脑区域以及对注意力和执行力重要的区域之间的同步性控制。重要的是，当相同的参与者完成被动的、电机驱动的控制条件时，这些变化不会发生。我们的结果表明，同步性的暂时增加可以作为系统研究各种运动参数对特定大脑系统影响的可能途径，这可能会加速运动对大脑和认知功能益处的机制发现。
Although there is promising evidence that regular physical activity could counteract age-related decline in cognitive and brain function, the mechanisms for this neuroprotection remain unclear. The acute effects of exercise can provide insight into the mechanisms by which the brain adapts to habitual exercise by reflecting transient modulations of systems that would subsequently accumulate long-term adaptations through repeated training sessions. However, methodological limitations have hindered the mechanistic insight gained from previous studies examining acute exercise effects on the human brain. In the current study, we tested the plasticity of functional brain networks in response to a single stimulus of aerobic exercise using resting-state functional connectivity analyses. In a sample of healthy younger (N = 12; age = 23.2 years; 6 females) and older adults (N = 13; age = 66.3 years; 6 females), we found that 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic cycling selectively increased synchrony among brain regions associated with affect and reward processing, learning and memory, and in regions important for attention and executive control. Importantly, these changes did not occur when the same participants completed a passive, motor-driven control condition. Our results suggest that these transient increases in synchrony serve as a possible avenue for systematically investigating the effects of various exercise parameters on specific brain systems, which may accelerate mechanistic discoveries about the benefits of exercise on brain and cognitive function.