Mimicry reduces racial prejudice
Mimicry reduces racial prejudice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jesp.2011.06.007
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Legault, Lisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inzlicht, Michael;Gutsell, Jennifer N.;Legault, Lisa
人类是移情动物。我们自动匹配其他人的运动反应，使我们能够“深入”其他人的皮肤。虽然这种感知-行动-耦合是一种自发的运动共振，但对于外群体（相对于内群体）和那些偏见高（相对于低）的人来说，这种情况不太容易发生。因此，偏见削弱了我们与外界产生共鸣的倾向。在这里，我们认为反过来也是可能的，与外群体成员的行为产生共鸣可以减少偏见。换句话说，我们预测，明确地模仿外群体可以减少偏见。参与者观看了一段140秒的视频，视频中演员反复伸手去拿一杯水喝。他们被动地观看黑人演员的视频;观看视频并模仿黑人演员;或者观看并模仿他们内部团体的演员的视频。然后，参与者完成了情感错误归因程序（佩恩，程，Govorun，斯图尔特，2005年），一种隐性反黑人偏见的措施，和一种明确的象征性种族主义措施。结果表明，外群模仿组对黑人和白人有相似的内隐偏好，而其他两组则更喜欢白人而不是黑人。外群模仿组还报告了对黑人的种族主义比内群模仿组少，但不低于内群观察组。因此，模仿特定的外群体成员，可以减少对外群体的内隐偏见，也可能是外显偏见。(C)2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Humans are empathic animals. We automatically match other people's motor responses, allowing us to get "under the skin" of other people. Although this perception-action-coupling a form of motor resonance occurs spontaneously, this happens less readily with the outgroup (vs. the ingroup) and for those high (vs. low) in prejudice. Thus, prejudice diminishes our tendency to resonate with the outgroup. Here we suggest that the reverse is also possible that resonating with the actions of an outgroup member can reduce prejudice. We predict, in other words, that explicitly mimicking the outgroup can reduce prejudice. Participants watched a 140-second video depicting actors repeatedly reaching for and drinking from a glass of water. They passively watched a video with Black actors; watched the video and mimicked the Black actors; or watched and mimicked a video with actors from their ingroup. Participants then completed the Affect Misattribution Procedure (Payne, Cheng, Govorun, & Stewart, 2005), a measure of implicit anti-Black prejudice, and an explicit symbolic racism measure. Results indicate that the outgroup-mimicry group had similar implicit preference for Blacks and Whites, unlike the other two groups, which preferred Whites over Blacks. The outgroup-mimicry group also reported less explicit racism towards Blacks than the ingroup-mimicry group, but no less than the ingroup-observation group. Mimicking specific outgroup members, therefore, reduces implicit, and possibly explicit, bias against the outgroup more generally. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.