Understanding placebo and nocebo effects in the context of sport: A psychological perspective.
Understanding placebo and nocebo effects in the context of sport: A psychological perspective.
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了解运动背景下的安慰剂和反安慰剂效应：心理学视角。
DOI：
10.1080/17461391.2020.1727021
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Beedie,Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raglin,John;Szabo,Attila;Lindheimer,JacobB;Beedie,Chris
过去 15 年对安慰剂效应的研究证实了其对一系列临床病症的既定治疗方法的功效的贡献，并确定了其潜在机制。还有证据表明，安慰剂效应有助于许多增强剂的性能益处，并且当虚拟治疗与有害结果的预期相关时（即反安慰剂效应），性能可能会恶化。不幸的是，涉及安慰剂和反安慰剂的大部分体育研究仍然受到安慰剂效应及其机制的过时定义和概念化的阻碍。这不仅对研究有影响，而且对应用也有影响，因为近 50% 的运动员报告经历了有益的安慰剂效应，并且类似比例的教练报告向运动员提供了安慰剂。本文的目的是尝试通过提出运动背景下安慰剂和反安慰剂效应的最新定义、描述其主要机制并强调心理社会背景对运动环境中安慰剂效应的重要性来刺激研究。
Research over the past 15 years on the placebo effect has substantiated its contribution to the efficacy of established treatments for a range of clinical conditions and identified its underlying mechanisms. There is also evidence that placebo effects contribute to the performance benefits of many ergogenic aids, and that performance can worsen when dummy treatments are associated with expectations of a harmful outcome (i.e. nocebo effect). Unfortunately, the bulk of sport research involving placebos and nocebos continues to be hampered by outdated definitions and conceptualizations of placebo effects and their mechanisms. This has implications not only for research but also application, as nearly 50% of athletes report experiencing a beneficial placebo effect, and a similar proportion of coaches report providing placebos to their athletes. The objective of this paper is to attempt to stimulate research by presenting updated definitions of placebo and nocebo effects in the context of sport, describing their major mechanisms and, highlighting the importance of the psychosocial context on placebo effects in the sport setting.