Dissolved and particulate aluminum in the Columbia River and coastal waters of Oregon and Washington: Behavior in near-field and far-field plumes
Dissolved and particulate aluminum in the Columbia River and coastal waters of Oregon and Washington: Behavior in near-field and far-field plumes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2009.05.031
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Matthew T. Brown;K. Bruland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Matthew T. Brown;K. Bruland
溶解（可溶性和总）和颗粒（沥滤和总）铝的分布进行了检查，在哥伦比亚河和河口，在近场和远场的河流羽流，并在邻近的沿海沃茨的华盛顿和俄勒冈州在河流对陆架生态系统的影响（上升）巡航的2006年5月/6月。溶解和颗粒铝（Al）的浓度显着更大的河流比在沿海沃茨混合形成的羽流。溶解铝浓度在哥伦比亚河（约80纳米）相对于其他主要河流较低。河流中的可沥滤物和总颗粒铝浓度分别达到大于1000 nM和18，000 nM的浓度。溶解铝在哥伦比亚河口表现出显着的去除（约60%）在盐度0和10之间的盐诱导絮凝胶体铝络合物和增强颗粒清除铝去除可能的解释。溶解和颗粒铝浓度显着更大的近场羽相对于周围的沿海沃茨。由于羽流平流从近场到远场远离河口，稀释羽流与较低的溶解铝表面沃茨以及颗粒清除沿着流路出现控制溶解铝分布。颗粒沉降以及稀释与较低的颗粒负载沃茨导致观察到的减少颗粒铝作为羽流从近场移动到远场。然而，在近场和远场羽流中的可沥滤颗粒铝明显恒定在0.7%。溶解和微粒铝在远场羽超过100公里西南的哥伦比亚河口超过一个数量级大于周围沃茨，说明了重要性的哥伦比亚河羽作为一种机制，铝离岸运输。铝可以用来追踪生物所需元素的输入，如铁到现成的沃茨中。
The distribution of dissolved (soluble and total) and particulate (leachable and total) aluminum was examined in the Columbia River and estuary, in near-field and far-field river plumes, and in adjacent coastal waters of Washington and Oregon during the River Influence on Shelf Ecosystems (RISE) cruise of May/June 2006. Dissolved and particulate aluminum (Al) concentrations were significantly greater in the river than in the coastal waters that mixed to form the plume. Dissolved Al concentrations in the Columbia River (∼80nM) were low relative to other major rivers. Leachable and total particulate Al concentrations within the river reached concentrations greater than 1000nM and 18,000nM, respectively. Dissolved Al within the Columbia River estuary showed a significant removal (∼60%) at salinities between 0 and 10 with salt-induced flocculation of colloidal Al complexes and enhanced particle scavenging being probable explanations for aluminum removal. Dissolved and particulate Al concentrations were significantly greater in near-field plumes relative to surrounding coastal waters. As the plume advected from near-field to far-field away from the river mouth, dilution of the plume with lower dissolved Al surface waters as well as particle scavenging along the flow path appeared to be controlling dissolved Al distributions. Particle settling as well as dilution with lower particle-load waters led to observed decreases in particulate Al as the plume moved from near-field to far-field. However, the percent-leachable particulate aluminum in both near-field and far-field plumes was remarkably constant at ∼7%. Dissolved and particulate Al in a far-field plume over 100km southwest of the Columbia River mouth were over an order-of-magnitude greater than surrounding waters, illustrating the importance of the Columbia River plume as a mechanism for transporting Al offshore. Aluminum could be used to trace the input of biologically-required elements such as iron into waters off the shelf.