Cross-sectional prevalence of helminth infections in cattle on traditional, small-scale and large-scale dairy farms in Iringa district, Tanzania
Cross-sectional prevalence of helminth infections in cattle on traditional, small-scale and large-scale dairy farms in Iringa district, Tanzania
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11259-005-3176-1
复制
发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kyvsgaard, NC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keyyu, JD;Kassuku, AA;Kyvsgaard, NC
本研究采用横断面研究方法，通过粪便中蠕虫卵的检测，确定了传统放牧奶牛、零放牧小规模奶牛和集中放牧大规模奶牛的胃肠道线虫和吸虫（片形吸虫和端口吸虫）感染率。结果表明，管理类型，特别是放牧习惯，对胃肠道线虫和吸虫的流行和强度有显着的影响。传统奶牛、大规模奶牛和小规模奶牛胃肠道线虫的患病率分别为67%、44.4%和37%，犊牛粪便虫卵数最高。传统奶牛场、大规模奶牛场和小规模奶牛场的感染率分别为63.8%、46.2%和28.4%。传统奶牛场、大型奶牛场和小型奶牛场两口虫的感染率分别为81.9%、55.5%和41.1%。传统系统中吸虫的高流行率归因于社区放牧和浇水管理做法。在屠宰场检查的牛中回收的胃吸虫为Calcophoron microbothrium和Coophoron jacksoni。约42.1%的感染动物同时具有片形吸虫和端口吸虫。胃肠道线虫和吸虫的患病率在村庄和农场之间差异很大。片形吸虫和端口吸虫的感染率在成年组（58.5%，75.2%）高于一岁组（36.5%，51.5%）和犊牛组（24.9%，47.2%）。系统内管理和年龄组之间胃肠道线虫和吸虫患病率的变化可用作每个管理系统合理使用驱虫剂的切入点。需要对所有这些寄生虫的季节性传播模式进行更多的研究，以便设计合理、经济和当地可持续的寄生虫控制方案。
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes and flukes (Fasciola and amphistomes) infection in communally grazed traditional cattle, zero-grazed small-scale dairy cattle and intensively grazed large-scale dairy cattle through examination of helminth eggs in faeces. Results indicated that the type of management, especially the grazing habit, has a significant influence on the prevalence and intensity of GI nematodes and flukes. The prevalence of GI nematodes in traditional, large-scale dairy and small-scale dairy cattle was 67%, 44.4% and 37%, respectively, with the highest faecal egg counts in calves. The overall prevalence of Fasciola gigantica in traditional, large-scale dairy and small-scale dairy cattle was 63.8%, 46.2% and 28.4%, respectively. The prevalence of amphistomes was 81.9%, 55.5% and 41.1% in traditional, large-scale dairy and small-scale dairy cattle, respectively. The high prevalence of flukes in the traditional system was attributed to communal grazing and watering management practices. Stomach flukes recovered in examined cattle at the abattoir were Calicophoron microbothrium and Cotylophoron jacksoni. About 42.1% of infected animals had both Fasciola and amphistomes. The prevalence of both GI nematodes and flukes varied greatly among villages and farms. The prevalence of both Fasciola and amphistomes was higher in adults (58.5%, 75.2%) than in yearlings (36.5%, 51.5%) or calves (24.9%, 47.2%). The variation in the prevalence of both GI nematodes and flukes among management and age groups within systems can be used as an entry point towards rational use of anthelmintics for each management system. More studies on seasonal transmission pattern of all these parasites are required in order to design rational, economic and locally sustainable parasite control programmes.