Grounding Cognitive Control in Associative Learning
Grounding Cognitive Control in Associative Learning
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DOI：
10.1037/bul0000047
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
22.4
通讯作者：
Verguts, Tom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abrahamse, Elger;Braem, Senne;Verguts, Tom
认知控制涵盖了广泛的认知功能，但其研究和理论通常仍然局限于一个单一的领域。在这里，我们概述和审查认知控制的联想学习的角度来看，控制出现从联想网络包含感知，电机和目标的表示。我们的评论确定了3个流行的研究主题，这些主题在冲突适应，任务转换，反应抑制和注意力控制领域之间共享：认知控制是特定于上下文的，可以在没有意识的情况下操作，并通过奖励进行调节。由于这些研究主题可以被视为学习的关键特征，我们认为它们在各个领域的联合出现不是巧合，而是反映了对基于学习的控制的兴趣（潜在的）增长。联想学习有潜力提供广泛的整合认知控制理论，并提供了一个有前途的途径，理解认知控制作为一个自我调节系统，而不假设一个定义不清的侏儒集。我们讨论了新的预测，理论的影响，并伴随着认知控制的联想学习的角度来看，立即面临的挑战。
Cognitive control covers a broad range of cognitive functions, but its research and theories typically remain tied to a single domain. Here we outline and review an associative learning perspective on cognitive control in which control emerges from associative networks containing perceptual, motor, and goal representations. Our review identifies 3 trending research themes that are shared between the domains of conflict adaptation, task switching, response inhibition, and attentional control: Cognitive control is context-specific, can operate in the absence of awareness, and is modulated by reward. As these research themes can be envisaged as key characteristics of learning, we propose that their joint emergence across domains is not coincidental but rather reflects a (latent) growth of interest in learning-based control. Associative learning has the potential for providing broad-scaled integration to cognitive control theory, and offers a promising avenue for understanding cognitive control as a self-regulating system without postulating an ill-defined set of homunculi. We discuss novel predictions, theoretical implications, and immediate challenges that accompany an associative learning perspective on cognitive control.