Expectancies for Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Nicotine Replacement Therapies Among E-Cigarette Users (aka Vapers)
Expectancies for Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Nicotine Replacement Therapies Among E-Cigarette Users (aka Vapers)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntu149
复制
发表时间：
2015-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Brandon, Thomas H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrell, Paul T.;Marquinez, Nicole S.;Brandon, Thomas H.
电子烟的使用呈指数级增长，据报道主要动机是戒烟。为了理解为什么吸烟者选择电子烟作为香烟的替代品，以及美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的尼古丁替代疗法（NRT），我们比较了三种尼古丁输送系统的结果预期（对药物使用结果的信念），即，方法：电子烟使用者（N = 1，434）完成了一项在线调查，评估了14个期望领域以及感知成本和便利性。我们专注于电子烟和香烟之间的比较，以确定电子烟作为吸烟替代品的吸引力，以及电子烟和NRT之间的比较，以确定电子烟相对于FDA批准的药物治疗的感知优势。结果：参与者认为，与传统香烟相比，电子烟具有更少的健康风险;导致更少的渴望，戒断，成瘾和负面的身体感觉;味道更好;更令人满意。相比之下，传统香烟被认为比电子香烟更能减少负面影响，控制体重，提供刺激和减轻压力。与NRT相比，电子烟被认为风险更小、成本更低、造成的负面身体感觉更少、味道更好、提供更大的满足感，并且更能减少渴望、负面影响和压力。主持人分析表明，历史与随意形式的NRT是与积极的NRT expectations.Conclusions：电子烟的期望与烟草香烟或NRT的期望不同的程度提供了洞察电子烟使用者的动机，并为公共卫生和临床干预措施，以鼓励吸烟相关的行为改变提供指导。
Introduction: Use of e-cigarettes has been increasing exponentially, with the primary motivation reported as smoking cessation. To understand why smokers choose e-cigarettes as an alternative to cigarettes, as well as to US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved nicotine replacement therapies (NRT), we compared outcome expectancies (beliefs about the results of drug use) for the three nicotine delivery systems among vapers, i.e., e-cigarette users, who were former smokers.Methods: Vapers (N = 1,434) completed an online survey assessing 14 expectancy domains as well as perceived cost and convenience. We focused on comparisons between e-cigarettes and cigarettes to determine the attraction of e-cigarettes as a smoking alternative and between e-cigarettes and NRT to determine perceived advantages of e-cigarettes over FDA-approved pharmacotherapy.Results: Participants believed that e-cigarettes, in comparison to conventional cigarettes, had fewer health risks; caused less craving, withdrawal, addiction, and negative physical feelings; tasted better; and were more satisfying. In contrast, conventional cigarettes were perceived as better than e-cigarettes for reducing negative affect, controlling weight, providing stimulation, and reducing stress. E-cigarettes, compared to NRT, were perceived to be less risky, cost less, cause fewer negative physical feelings, taste better, provide more satisfaction, and be better at reducing craving, negative affect, and stress. Moderator analyses indicated history with ad libitum forms of NRT was associated with less positive NRT expectancies.Conclusions: The degree to which expectancies for e-cigarettes differed from expectancies for either tobacco cigarettes or NRT offers insight into the motivation of e-cigarette users and provides guidance for public health and clinical interventions to encourage smoking-related behavior change.