Persistence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virus and Viral RNA in Relation to Surface Type and Contamination Concentration.
Persistence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virus and Viral RNA in Relation to Surface Type and Contamination Concentration.
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.00526-21
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发表时间：
2021-06-25
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Pottage T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paton S;Spencer A;Garratt I;Thompson KA;Dinesh I;Aranega-Bou P;Stevenson D;Clark S;Dunning J;Bennett A;Pottage T
SARS-CoV-2 的传播可能通过多种途径发生，包括接触受污染的表面。许多研究使用逆转录 PCR (RT-PCR) 分析来检测表面的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA，但很少检测到存活的病毒。本文研究了干燥在一系列材料上的 SARS-CoV-2 随着时间的推移的活力，并将病毒的活力与回收的 RNA 拷贝进行比较，以及病毒的活力是否具有浓度依赖性。活病毒在外科口罩材料和不锈钢上持续时间最长，存活率分别降低 122 小时和 114 小时，降低 99.9%。涤纶衬衫上的 SARS-CoV-2 活力下降最快，2.5 小时内下降 99.9%。纸币的活力下降第二快，75 小时内下降了 99.9%。 21 天内，所有表面上的 RNA 的基因组拷贝数恢复均减少了 1 个对数。研究结果表明，SARS-CoV-2 在无孔疏水表面上最稳定。 RNA 在表面干燥时高度稳定，3 周内恢复率仅降低 1 个对数。相比之下，SARS-CoV-2 活力下降得更快，但这种活力损失被发现与起始浓度无关。预计 SARS-CoV-2 活环境表面污染水平将在 2 天内达到检测不到的水平。因此，当在表面检测到 RNA 时，即使在低循环阈值下，也不能直接表明存在活病毒。重要性 这项研究表明了材料类型对 SARS-CoV-2 在表面上的生存能力的影响。它表明活 SARS-CoV-2 的衰减率与起始浓度无关。然而，RNA 在表面上长时间表现出高度稳定性。这对于使用 RT-PCR 来解释表面采样结果以确定表面存在存活病毒的可能性具有影响，其中 RT-PCR 不是确定存活病毒的适当技术。除非在污染后立即取样，否则很难将 RNA 拷贝数与表面上活病毒的数量进行匹配。
The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is likely to occur through a number of routes, including contact with contaminated surfaces. Many studies have used reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) analysis to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA on surfaces, but seldom has viable virus been detected. This paper investigates the viability over time of SARS-CoV-2 dried onto a range of materials and compares viability of the virus to RNA copies recovered and whether virus viability is concentration dependent. Viable virus persisted for the longest time on surgical mask material and stainless steel, with a 99.9% reduction in viability by 122 and 114 h, respectively. Viability of SARS-CoV-2 reduced the fastest on a polyester shirt, with a 99.9% reduction within 2.5 h. Viability on the bank note was reduced second fastest, with 99.9% reduction in 75 h. RNA on all surfaces exhibited a 1-log reduction in genome copy number recovery over 21 days. The findings show that SARS-CoV-2 is most stable on nonporous hydrophobic surfaces. RNA is highly stable when dried on surfaces, with only 1-log reduction in recovery over 3 weeks. In comparison, SARS-CoV-2 viability reduced more rapidly, but this loss in viability was found to be independent of starting concentration. Expected levels of SARS-CoV-2 viable environmental surface contamination would lead to undetectable levels within 2 days. Therefore, when RNA is detected on surfaces, it does not directly indicate the presence of viable virus, even at low cycle threshold values. IMPORTANCE This study shows the impact of material type on the viability of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces. It demonstrates that the decay rate of viable SARS-CoV-2 is independent of starting concentration. However, RNA shows high stability on surfaces over extended periods. This has implications for interpretation of surface sampling results using RT-PCR to determine the possibility of viable virus from a surface, where RT-PCR is not an appropriate technique to determine viable virus. Unless sampled immediately after contamination, it is difficult to align RNA copy numbers to quantity of viable virus on a surface.