Rapid growth of black holes in massive star-forming galaxies
Rapid growth of black holes in massive star-forming galaxies
复制标题
大质量恒星形成星系中黑洞的快速增长
DOI：
10.1038/nature03473
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
R. Ivison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Alexander;I. Smail;F. Bauer;S. Chapman;A. Blain;W. Brandt;R. Ivison
黑洞质量与邻近星系中的星系球状体质量之间的紧密关系意味着这两个组成部分的增长之间存在因果关系。光学发光的类星体是宇宙中最惊人的吸积黑洞，可以占宇宙学黑洞增长总量的30%。然而，由于典型的类星体并没有经历强烈的星星形成过程，并且已经拥有大质量黑洞（> 108 M [circdot]，其中M [circdot]是太阳质量），因此当这些黑洞成长时（质量范围为106-108 M [circdot]），必须有一个更早的类星体前阶段。这一早期阶段的可能特征是在遥远的（红移z > 1; > 80亿光年）发光星系中同时发生黑洞生长和星星形成。在这里，我们报告了对遥远的恒星形成星系的超深X射线观测，这些星系在亚毫米波长处很明亮。我们发现，在这些星系中的黑洞几乎是不断增长的整个时期的激烈星星的形成。这种活动似乎比任何其他同时代的星系群与这些星系的联系更紧密。我们表明，这些星系的黑洞生长与类星体前阶段的预期是一致的。
The tight relationship between the masses of black holes and galaxy spheroids in nearby galaxies implies a causal connection between the growth of these two components. Optically luminous quasars host the most prodigious accreting black holes in the Universe, and can account for [gsims]30 per cent of the total cosmological black-hole growth. As typical quasars are not, however, undergoing intense star formation and already host massive black holes (> 108 M [circdot], where M [circdot] is the solar mass), there must have been an earlier pre-quasar phase when these black holes grew (mass range ∼(106–108)M [circdot]). The likely signature of this earlier stage is simultaneous black-hole growth and star formation in distant (redshift z > 1; >8 billion light years away) luminous galaxies. Here we report ultra-deep X-ray observations of distant star-forming galaxies that are bright at submillimetre wavelengths. We find that the black holes in these galaxies are growing almost continuously throughout periods of intense star formation. This activity appears to be more tightly associated with these galaxies than any other coeval galaxy populations. We show that the black-hole growth from these galaxies is consistent with that expected for the pre-quasar phase.