Discovery of a diverse cave flora in China.
Discovery of a diverse cave flora in China.
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在中国发现多样化的洞穴植物群
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0190801
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wei Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monro AK;Bystriakova N;Fu L;Wen F;Wei Y
很少有研究记录洞穴中的植物。通过对中国西南地区一个广泛分布且似乎富含被子植物的洞穴植物群的实地观察，我们验证了以下假设：1)中国西南地区洞穴中含有丰富的维管植物区系；2)这是一种基本缺失的森林类型的遗迹，缺乏特有物种；3)洞穴中光环境植物与非洞穴生境没有明显区别。为此，我们调查了61个洞穴，利用物种积累曲线（SAC）来估计该植物群的总多样性，并利用14个洞穴的子样本来表征光环境。利用区域植物区系和现有保护评价对该植物区系的保护价值进行了评价。我们利用对洞穴内人为干扰的观测来评价人类活动。共有418种维管植物被记录，其sac预测的总多样性为529-846。所记录的物种中93%为已知的喀斯特森林物种，7%为洞穴特有物种，81%为被子植物物种。我们证明了洞穴中的光环境与陆地栖息地的光环境不同，并且植物群的一个子集可能生长在维管植物记录的最低光水平下。我们的研究结果表明，濒临灭绝的物种比例与陆地栖息地相似，几乎一半的入口洞穴样本显示出人类干扰的迹象。我们认为，这是第一次对洞穴植物区系进行如此广泛的取样，并且在洞穴中观察到如此多样化的维管植物区系，我们预测这些植物区系在东南亚其他地方也会出现。我们认为洞穴植物群是20世纪30年代灾难性森林砍伐之前喀斯特森林林下植被的延伸。我们认为，在中国西南部，洞穴既是喀斯特森林的避难所，也是喀斯特森林恢复的宝贵种质资源。我们还提出，洞穴代表了一种独特的植物栖息地，与森林林下植被最相似，但不同的是，洞穴中没有树木、凋落叶、根垫，大气中二氧化碳含量较高，温度和湿度的日变化和年变化较小。我们强调，旅游业、农业和缺乏对洞穴的立法保护是目前对这一植物群的主要威胁。
Few studies document plants in caves. Our field observations of a widespread and seemingly angiosperm-rich cave flora in SW China lead us to test the following hypotheses, 1) SW China caves contain a diverse vascular plant flora, 2) that this is a relic of a largely absent forest type lacking endemic species, and 3) that the light environment plants occupy in caves is not distinct from non-cave habitats. To do so we surveyed 61 caves and used species accumulation curves (SAC) to estimate the total diversity of this flora and used a subsample of 14 caves to characterise the light environment. We used regional floras and existing conservation assessments to evaluate the conservation value of this flora. We used observations on human disturbance within caves to evaluate anthropogenic activities. Four-hundred-and-eighteen vascular plant species were documented with SACs predicting a total diversity of 529–846. Ninety-three percent of the species documented are known karst forest species, 7% are endemic to caves and 81% of the species are angiosperms. We demonstrate that the light environment in caves is distinct to that of terrestrial habitats and that a subset of the flora likely grow in the lowest light levels documented for vascularised plants. Our results suggest that the proportion of species threatened with extinction is like that for the terrestrial habitat and that almost half of the entrance caverns sampled showed signs of human disturbance. We believe that this is the first time that such an extensive sample of cave flora has been undertaken and that such a diverse vascular plant flora has been observed in caves which we predict occurs elsewhere in SE Asia. We argue that the cave flora is an extension of the karst forest understory present prior to catastrophic deforestation in the 20thC. We suggest that within SW China caves serve as both refuges and a valuable source of germplasm for the restoration of karst forest. We also propose that caves represent a distinct habitat for plants that is most similar to that of the forest understory, but distinct with respect to the absence of trees, leaf litter, root mats, higher levels of atmospheric CO2, and lower diurnal and annual variation in temperature and humidity. We highlight tourism, agriculture and the absence of legislated protection of caves as the main current threats to this flora.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Cooper, Steven J. B.;Bradbury, John H.;Humphreys, William F.
通讯作者：
Humphreys, William F.
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2014.0015
发表时间：
2015-02-19
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Brummitt, Neil;Bachman, Steven P.;Lughadha, Eimear M. Nic
通讯作者：
Lughadha, Eimear M. Nic
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
DENSLOW, JS;SCHULTZ, JC;STRAIN, BR
通讯作者：
STRAIN, BR
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
CHAO, A
通讯作者：
CHAO, A
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Colwell, RK;Mao, CX;Chang, J
通讯作者：
Chang, J