Meiosis and Chromosome Behavior of Pollen Mother Cell in Populus simonii Carr.×P.nigra L.'Tongliao'
Meiosis and Chromosome Behavior of Pollen Mother Cell in Populus simonii Carr.×P.nigra L.'Tongliao'
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
Kang Xiang-yang
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作者：
Kang Xiang-yang
小叶杨卡尔×黑杨花粉母细胞减数分裂及染色体行为的研究对温室水培条件下的“通辽”杨进行了研究，结果表明：（1）小叶杨卡尔×黑杨在不同的生长发育时期，其生长发育过程中存在着明显的差异;“通辽”花粉母细胞减数分裂与雄花蕾/花序的外部性状和花药颜色密切相关，减数分裂前期Ⅰ是最关键、最复杂的时期，占90%;中期Ⅰ出现单价体，后期Ⅰ出现落后染色体，表明花粉母细胞具有较强的遗传杂合性，中期Ⅱ纺锤体的出现与自然花粉中大花粉粒的存在有关，程度;（2）小叶杨（Populussimonii卡尔）×黑杨（P.nigra L.）通辽杨花粉母细胞减数分裂的核仁数在1 ~ 8个之间，这可能与杨树的倍性起源有关，也与小叶杨卡尔×黑杨的染色体组有关。（3）在同一花蕾、同一小花甚至同一花药中同时观察到5 ~ 9个减数分裂期，这种减数分裂期的出现对该属的群体繁殖具有重要意义。
The meiosis and chromosome behavior of pollen mother cells in Populus simonii Carr.×P.nigra L.'Tongliao',which were hyroponically cultured in greenhouse,were studied.It was showed that(1) in Populus simonii Carr.×P.nigra L.'Tongliao' the meiosis of the pollen mother cells was closely related to external characters of male flower buds/inflorescences and the colors of anthers and in the meiosis prophase Ⅰ was the most critical and complex stage,accounting for 90% in time;there appeared univalents at metaphase Ⅰ and lagged chromosomes at anaphase Ⅰ,indicating that the pollen mother cells had strong genetic heterozygosity and the appearance of paralleled spindles at metaphase Ⅱ was related to the presence of big pollen grains in natural pollens to certain extent;(2) In Populus simonii Carr.×P.nigra L.'Tongliao' the nucleolus number varied between 1 and 8 in the meiosis of pollen mother cells and this phenomenon was probably related to ploidy origins in Populus L.plants,and the genome of Populus simonii Carr.×P.nigra L.'Tongliao' was supposed to have 8 pairs of chromosomes with constriction at least;(3) There were five to nine division phases simultaneously observed in the same flower buds and same flowerets and even in same anthers and this meiosis outasync was of important significance in population reproduction and propagation of the genus.