Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids
Scalable production of large quantities of defect-free few-layer graphene by shear exfoliation in liquids
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DOI：
10.1038/nmat3944
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
41.2
通讯作者：
Coleman, Jonathan N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paton, Keith R.;Varrla, Eswaraiah;Coleman, Jonathan N.
为了从实验室发展到商业应用，有必要开发可工业规模的方法来生产大量无缺陷的石墨烯。在这里，我们表明，石墨在合适的稳定液中的高剪切混合导致了大规模的剥离，从而得到了石墨烯纳米片的分散。X射线光电子能谱和拉曼光谱表明，剥离后的鳞片未被氧化，没有基面缺陷。我们已经开发了一个简单的模型，它表明一旦局部剪切率超过10(4)S(-1)就会发生剥离。通过充分描述石墨烯产量的缩放行为，我们表明，可以在从数百毫升到数百升甚至更高的液体体积中实现剥离。用这种方法生产的石墨烯在从复合材料到导电涂料的应用中表现良好。该方法可用于BN、MoS_2等一系列层状晶体的剥离。
To progress from the laboratory to commercial applications, it will be necessary to develop industrially scalable methods to produce large quantities of defect-free graphene. Here we show that high-shear mixing of graphite in suitable stabilizing liquids results in large-scale exfoliation to give dispersions of graphene nanosheets. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy show the exfoliated flakes to be unoxidized and free of basal-plane defects. We have developed a simple model that shows exfoliation to occur once the local shear rate exceeds 10(4) s(-1). By fully characterizing the scaling behaviour of the graphene production rate, we show that exfoliation can be achieved in liquid volumes from hundreds of millilitres up to hundreds of litres and beyond. The graphene produced by this method performs well in applications from composites to conductive coatings. This method can be applied to exfoliate BN, MoS2 and a range of other layered crystals.