Naloxone nonselective suppression of drinking of ethanol, sucrose, saccharin, and water by rats
Naloxone nonselective suppression of drinking of ethanol, sucrose, saccharin, and water by rats
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DOI：
10.1016/s0091-3057(02)00736-0
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Lewis, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cichelli, MJ;Lewis, MJ
纳洛酮是一种非选择性阿片类拮抗剂，已被证明可以减少大鼠口服乙醇（EtOH）的自我给药。关于纳洛酮对非etoh对照液消耗的影响，得出了相互矛盾的结论。一项初步的荟萃分析发现，纳洛酮对EtOH消耗的影响很大，而且是均匀的，而对对照液体消耗的影响则是不均匀的。虽然许多作者得出结论，他们的对照液结果“不显著”，但当他们使用元分析技术结合起来时，很明显存在一些强大的，但差异很大的效应大小。在本研究的第一个实验中，60只雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠被训练在三周的有限时间内饮用含有10% EtOH的自来水。然后，在腹腔注射生理盐水或1.0 mg/kg纳洛酮15分钟后，通过单瓶测试测量四种液体（水、水中10%的乙醇、一种等热量蔗糖溶液和一种“同样甜”的糖精溶液）的有限接触消耗。每只动物按平衡顺序测试了36次：注射纳洛酮后每种液体测试3次，注射生理盐水后每种液体测试6次。在生理盐水试验中，每一种液体的消耗量都有明显的差异。然而，在纳洛酮试验中，每种液体的抑制百分比是相同的（类似于50%）。有显著的相关性，在。在生理盐水试验期间，每只动物消耗的每种液体的平均量与纳洛酮试验期间对同一动物和液体的抑制百分比之间的关系为23-42。当动物被分为高、低和中等饮酒者，低饮酒者在纳洛酮治疗后表现出比其他两组更低的抑制。数据证实，阿片受体的阻断抑制了EtOH和非EtOH液体的消耗，其程度与自愿、未经处理的液体消费量有关。(C) 2002爱思唯尔科学有限公司版权所有。
Naloxone, a nonselective opioid antagonist, has been demonstrated to reduce oral self-administration of ethanol (EtOH) in rats. Conflicting conclusions have been drawn about the effects of naloxone on consumption of non-EtOH control liquids. A preliminary meta-analysis found large and homogeneous effects of naloxone on EtOH consumption and heterogeneous effects on the consumption of control liquids. Although many of the authors concluded that their control liquid results were "not significant," when they were combined using meta-analytic techniques, it was apparent that there were some strong, but widely divergent, effect sizes. In the first experiment in the current study, 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to drink 10% EtOH in tap water over 3 weeks of limited-access sessions. Then, their limited-access consumption was measured in single-bottle tests of four liquids (water, 10% EtOH in water, an isocaloric sucrose solution, and an "equally sweet" saccharin solution) 15 min following an intraperitoneal injection of either saline or 1.0 mg/kg naloxone. Every animal was tested 36 times in a counterbalanced order: three times for each liquid following an injection of naloxone and six times for each liquid following an injection of saline. There were distinct differences in the quantity of each liquid consumed in the saline trials. However, the suppression percentages for each liquid in the naloxone trials were identical (similar to50%). There were significant correlations, in the range of .23-42, between the mean amount of each liquid consumed during saline trials for each animal and the suppression percentage during naloxone trials for the same animal and liquid. When the animals were divided into high, low, and medium drinkers for each liquid, the low drinkers demonstrated a much lower suppression after naloxone treatment than did the other two groups. The data confirm that blockade of opioid receptors suppresses consumption of both EtOH and non-EtOH liquids to a degree that is related to the amount of voluntary, untreated consumption of the liquids. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.