Effects of postnatal depression on infant development
Effects of postnatal depression on infant development
复制标题
DOI：
10.1136/adc.77.2.99
复制
发表时间：
1997-08-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Cooper, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray, L;Cooper, PJ
有很好的证据表明，父母精神障碍对孩子的发展有有害的影响。Rutter概述了造成这种情况的一些可能原因。1首先，暴露在父母的障碍中可能会对孩子产生直接的有害影响。第二，父母精神障碍可能会对一般的人际行为产生间接影响，尤其是对父母的影响。最后，影响可能是通过第三因素变量，如通常与精神障碍有关的社会逆境，或遗传或体质因素。出生后出现的抑郁可能会通过这些因果途径中的每一条对婴儿的发育产生影响。婴儿对照顾者的极度依赖、对人际接触的敏感性，2以及在绝大多数情况下，母亲构成婴儿出生后最初几个月的主要环境这一事实，使得此时发生的抑郁症的影响问题尤其重要。下面给出的证据表明，产后抑郁与婴儿的不良结局有关。然后，根据上文概述的可能的因果框架来审查这一证据。许多研究已经检查了患有产后抑郁症的母亲的1到2岁婴儿。3-8这些研究普遍发现，早期母亲抑郁与婴儿认知和情绪发育不良之间存在关联。
There is good evidence that parental psychiatric disorder has a deleterious eVect on child development. Rutter has outlined a number of possible reasons for this. 1 First, there may be a direct pernicious impact on the child of exposure to the parental disorder. Second, there may be an indirect impact via the eVect of the parental disorder on interpersonal behaviour in general and parenting in particular. Finally, the impact may be via third factor variables, such as the social adversity commonly associated with psychiatric disorder, or genetic or constitutional factors. Depression arising in the postnatal period could have an impact on infant development via each of these causal pathways. The infant’s extreme dependency on their caretaker, their sensitivity to interpersonal contacts, 2 and the fact that, in the great majority of cases, the mother constitutes the infant’s primary environment in the first postnatal months, make the question of the impact of depression occurring at this time one of particular importance. An account is given below of the evidence implicating postnatal depression in adverse infant outcome. This evidence is then examined in the light of the possible causal frameworks outlined above. A number of studies have examined the 1 to 2 year old infants of mothers who have had a postnatal depression. 3–8 These studies have generally found an association between early maternal depression and adverse cognitive and emotional infant development.