Disentangling non-specific and specific transgenerational immune priming components in host-parasite interactions
Disentangling non-specific and specific transgenerational immune priming components in host-parasite interactions
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2019.2386
复制
发表时间：
2020-02-12
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Regoes，Roland R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ben-Ami，Frida;Orlic，Christian;Regoes，Roland R.
暴露于病原体使许多生物体对随后的暴露做出更快或更有效的反应。这种启动可以是非特异性的或特异性的，并且已经发现跨代延伸。解开和量化的具体和非具体的影响是必不可少的理解系统的遗传流行病学。通过结合一个大型的感染实验和数学建模，我们解开不同的跨代效应的甲壳动物模型大型水蚤暴露于不同菌株的细菌寄生虫Pasteuria ramosa。在实验中，我们将宿主暴露于高剂量的三种寄生虫菌株之一，随后用多剂量的相同（同源）或不同（异源）菌株挑战它们的后代。我们发现暴露于巴氏杆菌可使其后代的易感性降低约50%。这种跨代保护对于同源的寄生虫挑战并不比对于异源的寄生虫挑战更大。从方法上讲，我们的工作不仅对生态系统中的免疫启动分析，而且对疫苗的实验评估做出了重要贡献。我们提出了，第一次，一个推理框架，以调查特异性和非特异性的影响，免疫启动的易感性分布的主机的影响，理解免疫和疫苗的效果是中央。
Exposure to a pathogen primes many organisms to respond faster or more efficiently to subsequent exposures. Such priming can be non-specific or specific, and has been found to extend across generations. Disentangling and quantifying specific and non-specific effects is essential for understanding the genetic epidemiology of a system. By combining a large infection experiment and mathematical modelling, we disentangle different transgenerational effects in the crustacean modelDaphnia magnaexposed to different strains of the bacterial parasitePasteuria ramosa. In the experiment, we exposed hosts to a high dose of one of three parasite strains, and subsequently challenged their offspring with multiple doses of the same (homologous) or a different (heterologous) strain. We find that exposure ofDaphniatoPasteuriadecreases the susceptibility of their offspring by approximately 50%. This transgenerational protection is not larger for homologous than for heterologous parasite challenges. Methodologically, our work represents an important contribution not only to the analysis of immune priming in ecological systems but also to the experimental assessment of vaccines. We present, for the first time, an inference framework to investigate specific and non-specific effects of immune priming on the susceptibility distribution of hosts—effects that are central to understanding immunity and the effect of vaccines.