Fluid-Flow Properties of Fault Zones
Fluid-Flow Properties of Fault Zones
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断裂带的流体流动特性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Tsutsumi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Yamashita;A. Tsutsumi
人们越来越认识到断层带的流体流动特性在控制地震破裂过程中所起的重要作用。在Chaps中介绍。如图1和图2所示，断层带内流体压力的变化机械地影响断层的静态和动态摩擦行为。断裂带的流体流动特性在确定流体压力方面起着重要作用。由于断层带结构是断层带流体流动特性的主要控制因素，因此断层带流体流动过程的定量估计需要一个精确的断层带结构概念模型，该模型与每个断层带组件的流体流动特性相耦合。因此，对断层带结构的实地调查是更好地了解断层流体流动特性的基础。断裂带的渗透率结构变化很大，反映了断裂带内部结构的非均匀性。在这一章中，介绍了脆性断裂带的一般结构，并在第三节中描述了这种结构的发展。3.1和3.2。第3.3节概述了断层带结构概念模型预期的渗透率结构。本节介绍了在天然断裂带实例中观察到的渗透率结构，并描述了从实验室实验中推导出的断裂带渗透率的演变。
There is an increasing recognition of the important role played by the fluid-flow properties of fault zones in controlling earthquake rupture processes. As introduced in Chaps. 1 and 2, changes in fluid pressure within a fault zone mechanically affect the static and dynamic frictional behavior of the fault. The fluid-flow properties of the fault zone play an important role in determining fluid pressures. Since fault-zone structure is the primary control on the fluid-flow properties of fault zones, quantitative estimates of fluid-flow processes at fault zones require an accurate conceptual model of the fault-zone structure that is coupled with the fluid-flow properties of each of the fault-zone components. Field investigations of fault-zone structures are thus fundamental to obtaining an improved understanding of the fluid-flow properties of faults. The permeability structures of fault zones are highly variable, reflecting the heterogeneous nature of internal fault-zone structures. In this chapter, the generalized structure of a brittle fault zone is introduced and the development of such structure is described in Sects. 3.1 and 3.2. Section 3.3 provides an outline of the permeability structure expected for the conceptual fault-zone structure model. This section presents the permeability structures observed in natural fault-zone examples and describes the evolution of fault-zone permeability deduced from laboratory experiments.