Remotely Sensed Big Data and Iterative Approaches to Cultural Feature Detection and Past Landscape Process Analysis

Remotely Sensed Big Data and Iterative Approaches to Cultural Feature Detection and Past Landscape Process Analysis
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遥感大数据和迭代方法进行文化特征检测和过去的景观过程分析

DOI:
10.1080/00934690.2020.1713435
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Palace, Michael W.
Palace, Michael W.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Howey, Meghan C.;Sullivan, Franklin B.;Burg, Marieka Brouwer;Palace, Michael W.

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“大”数据的概念对考古学家来说并不新鲜;长期以来,我们一直从事收集、组织和分析大量数据的工作,这些数据描述了从微小的人工制品属性到景观范围内的环境特征的所有内容。尽管有如此丰富的数据,但我们已经并将继续面对“大”数据固有的问题,即哪些分析将真正帮助我们利用这些数据来推进对过去人类行为的理解。随着遥感技术的迅速发展,考古学面临着新一波“大”数据,但这些技术如何提高我们的能力,使我们能够进行推理跳跃,将现在与过去联系起来,并带来新的见解?我们认为,迄今为止,遥感技术(卫星、航空和无人驾驶航空图像)在考古学中大多被狭隘地应用于高分辨率的现场研究。为了真正释放这些技术的能力,并扩大我们争夺“大”数据的能力,以更全面地调查过去的模式,我们需要在有限的考古遗址、地区和无限的景观上进行结合遥感数据的迭代分析。在北美五大湖北部的接触前期晚期(约公元1200-1600年)的一个案例研究中,详细探讨了如何启动这种迭代方法。
The concept of “big” data is nothing new to archaeologists; we have long made a profession of collecting, organizing, and analyzing a surfeit of data describing everything from minute artifact attributes to landscape-wide environmental characteristics. Regardless of this abundance, we have and continue to confront the self-same problem inherent in “big” data, namely what analyses will actually help us use these data to advance understandings of past human behaviors. With burgeoning remote sensing technologies archaeology faces a new wave of “big” data, but how do these techniques improve our ability to make the inferential leaps to bridge the present to the past and bring new insights forward? We argue that, to date, remote sensing techniques (satellite, aerial, and unpersonned aerial imagery) have been applied somewhat narrowly to mostly high-resolution site-based research in archaeology. To truly unleash the capabilities of these techniques, and expand our capacity for wrangling “big” data to more fully investigate past patterns, we need to conduct iterative analyses incorporating remotely sensed data on bounded archaeological sites and regions and unbounded landscapes. A case study from the Late Precontact (ca. A.D. 1200–1600) period in the northern Great Lakes of North America detailing how such an iterative approach can be initiated is explored here.
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