Explaining Varieties of Regional Innovation Policies in Europe
Explaining Varieties of Regional Innovation Policies in Europe
复制标题
解释欧洲各种区域创新政策
DOI：
10.1177/0969776407081276
复制
发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
H. Prange
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Prange
自1990年代以来，“区域”被广泛认为是创新政策的适当竞技场。虽然欧洲联盟和经合组织大力宣传区域创新政策和创建区域创新体系和地方集群，但即使在同样面临全球竞争并同样依赖技术创新的民族国家之间，区域活动仍存在很大差异，如瑞典、瑞士和荷兰。本文的目的是解释这种变化在区域创新政策的争论，一个国家的特定模式，包括地理集中的科学和研究系统，垂直分裂的政治制度，欧洲化的程度，和地区的禀赋形状的方式在该地区追求创新政策。
Since the 1990s the `region' has been widely acknowledged as an appropriate arena for innovation policies. While regional innovation policies and the creation of regional innovation systems and local clusters are highly propagated by the European Union and the OECD, there are still significant differences in regional activities even among nation states which are equally exposed to global competition, and are similarly dependent on technological innovations, such as Sweden, Switzerland and the Netherlands. The article aims to explain this variation in regional innovation policies by arguing that a country-specific pattern consisting of the geographical concentration of the science and research system, the vertical fragmentation of the political system, the degree of Europeanization, and the endowments of the regions shapes the way innovation policies are pursued in the regions.