OVERSHADOWING AND POTENTIATION OF INSTRUMENTAL RESPONDING IN RATS AS A FUNCTION OF THE SCHEDULE OF REINFORCEMENT
OVERSHADOWING AND POTENTIATION OF INSTRUMENTAL RESPONDING IN RATS AS A FUNCTION OF THE SCHEDULE OF REINFORCEMENT
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DOI：
10.1016/0023-9690(88)90023-9
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发表时间：
1988-02-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
HALL, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
REED, P;SCHACHTMAN, TR;HALL, G
在实验 1 中，经过训练的老鼠按照可变比率 30 (VR) 和 VR-10 计划进行杠杆按压，在强化反应和食物输送之间有 500 毫秒的信号延迟，其反应速度比接受无信号延迟强化的对照受试者更高。这些结果与之前使用可变间隔 (VI) 时间表的研究形成鲜明对比，其中信号产生较低的响应率。实验 2 使用轭控制条件比较了 VR 和 VI 时间表。 VR 和 VI 时间表在信号条件下的响应率略低。这种效应被解释为由轭合过程产生的时间表差异引起的。使用 VI 60-s 和 VR-30 时间表的实验 3 表明，相对于接受无信号食物呈现的对照受试者，VI 在有信号条件下的反应较低，而 VR 的反应较高。这些结果是参考乐器演奏的联想理论和“效率”理论进行讨论的。
In Experiment 1, rats trained to lever press on variable-ratio-30 (VR) and VR-10 schedules with a 500-ms signaled delay between the reinforced response and food delivery responded at a higher rate than control subjects receiving unsignaled delayed reinforcement. These results stand in contrast to previous studies using a variable interval (VI) schedule in which the signal produces a lower response rate. Experiment 2 compared VR and VI schedules using yoked control conditions. A slightly lower response rate in the signaled condition was found on VR and VI schedules. This effect was interpreted as arising from schedule differences engendered by the yoking procedure. Experiment 3, using VI 60-s and VR-30 schedules demonstrated lower responding in the signaled condition with VI and elevated responding with VR relative to control subjects that received unsignaled food presentations. These results are discussed with reference to associative and "efficiency" theories of instrumental performance.