Preparation of lipide extracts from brain tissue.
Preparation of lipide extracts from brain tissue.
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DOI：
10.1016/s0021-9258(18)55987-1
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发表时间：
1951-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Folch;I. Ascoli;M. Lees;J. A. Meath;F. Lebaron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Folch;I. Ascoli;M. Lees;J. A. Meath;F. Lebaron
对于从组织中制备甜菜碱提取物，Bloor（I）的方法，无论是原始形式还是经过轻微修改，都是标准程序。该方法包括用乙醇和乙醚的混合物提取组织。由于已知所获得的提取物含有非亲脂性污染物，因此通常将其干燥，并将残余物用溶剂（如氯仿或石油醚）提取，所述溶剂表现出对脂类的高度特异性溶剂能力。然而，已证明获得的二次提取物含有脂质以外的物质（2，3）。在神经组织的情况下，通常的经验是，组织中存在的所有脂质都不能通过Bloor方法提取（4，5）。因此，不同的工作者已经发现有必要引入随后的提取的组织与另一种溶剂的更高的溶剂能力的脂质比布鲁尔的混合物。第二种溶剂通常是氯仿（4，5）。因此开发的方法是耗时的，复杂的，并且由于它们涉及用沸腾溶剂对组织进行长时间处理的事实，它们受到普遍反对，即所遵循的程序导致改变某些脂质的化学性质。此外，已知由此获得的提取物含有非可降解污染物（4，5）。本文介绍了一种从脑组织中提取总纯脂的简便方法。该方法包括用氯仿-甲醇混合物浸泡组织。然后将如此获得的澄清的芦荟提取物通过与大量水接触而洗涤除去非芦荟污染物。整个程序可以在0”下运行，因此合理地排除了脂质发生化学变化的任何危险。
For the preparation of lipide extracts from tissues, the method of Bloor (I), either in its original form or with slight modifications, has been a standard procedure. This method consists in extracting the tissue with a mixture of ethyl alcohol and ether. Since the extract obtained is known to contain non-lipide contaminants, it is usually taken to dryness and the residue extracted with a solvent, such as chloroform or petroleum ether, which exhibits a highly specific solvent power for lipides. However, the secondary extracts obtained have been shown to contain substances other than lipides (2, 3).In the case of nervous tissue, it has been common experience that all of the lipides present in tissue are not extracted by Bloor’s procedure (4, 5). Thus, different workers have found it necessary to introduce a subsequent extraction of the tissue with another solvent of higher solvent power for lipides than Bloor’s mixture. This second solvent has usually been chloroform (4, 5). The methods thus developed are time-consuming, complicated, and, owing to the fact that they involve protracted treatment of the tissue with boiling solvents, they are open to the general objection that the procedure followed results in changing the chemical nature of some of the lipides. Furthermore, the extracts thus obtained are known to contain non-lipide contaminants (4, 5). This paper describes a simple method for the preparation of extracts of total pure lipides from brain tissue. The method consists of homogenizing the tissue with a chloroform-methanol mixture. The clear lipide extract thus obtained is then washed free of non-lipide contaminants by being placed in contact with a large amount of water. The whole procedure can be run at 0” and thus any danger of chemical changes in lipides is reasonably excluded.