Pharmacokinetics of ethanol: a review.
Pharmacokinetics of ethanol: a review.
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乙醇的药代动力学：综述。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1980.tb04785.x
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Wilkinson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Wilkinson
从历史的角度回顾了乙醇在人体内的药代动力学，从1899年最早的尿液数据的动力学分析的尝试到现在的血液酒精浓度（BAC）和时间数据的非线性分析。回顾了各种动力学理论，已被用来描述酒精代谢的动力学。广泛的审查是最近的调查支持应用米氏酶动力学来描述酒精代谢。直接，非线性最小二乘计算机拟合BAC静脉和口服酒精喂养后，在空腹和进食状态的结果与适当的理论。讨论了酒精口服吸收的动力学，以及胃排空率、表观吸收率和BAC-时间曲线下面积之间的关系，并给出了数据。多个米氏通路的动力学进行了讨论与应用程序的MEOS和/或ADH系统所观察到的BAC曲线和所得的动力学参数的（潜在的）贡献。从BAC曲线获得药代动力学（Michaelis-Menten）参数的几种方法及其在比较研究中的解释和使用。
The pharmacokinetics of ethanol in man are reviewed from a historical perspective from the earliest attempts at kinetic analysis of urinary data in 1899 to the present nonlinear analysis of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and time data. Review of the various kinetic theories that have been utilized to describe the kinetics of alcohol metabolism is provided. Extensive review is made of recent investigations supporting the application of Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics to describe alcohol metabolism. Results of direct, nonlinear least-squares computer fitting of BAC following intravenous and oral feeding of alcohol both in the fasting and fed states are presented with appropriate theory. The kinetics of the oral absorption of alcohol and the relationship among stomach emptying rate, the apparent absorption rate, and the area under the BAC-time curve are discussed and data presented. The kinetics of multiple Michaelis-Menten pathways are discussed with application to the (potential) contributions of the MEOS and/or ADH systems to the observed BAC curve and resultant kinetic parameters. Several methods of obtaining pharmacokinetic (Michaelis-Menten) parameters from BAC curves and their interpretation and usage in comparative studies are presented.