Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic sulfur- and iron-reducing thaumarchaeote from a terrestrial acidic hot spring
Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic sulfur- and iron-reducing thaumarchaeote from a terrestrial acidic hot spring
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DOI：
10.1038/s41396-019-0447-3
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Ohkuma, Moriya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kato, Shingo;Itoh, Takashi;Ohkuma, Moriya
塔乌姆考古塔的一个深分支沼泽，传统上被称为陆地温泉克雷恩考古群(THSCG)，是索姆考古氨氧化菌和更深分支的非氨氧化菌之间缺失的一环，如克伦考古塔和假丝酵母考古塔。在这里，我们报道了从THSCG中分离到的第一个培养的代表菌株，命名为NAS-02。生理特性表明，该菌株是一株嗜热嗜酸、硫铁还原的有机异养菌，其全基因组编码的基因含量支持该菌。没有证据表明该分离物有氨氧化作用。THSCG的生理特性和THSCG的16S rRNA基因序列在陆地温泉和海洋热液领域的地理分布表明，THSCG的成员可能是嗜热菌，可能在高温环境下作为清道夫降解细胞碎片和硫和铁的生物地球化学循环中发挥作用。系统发育分析表明，以NAS-02为代表的THSCG谱系通过水平基因转移获得了硫磺还原能力。在系统发育和生理学的基础上，我们提出将其命名为Conexivisphaera caldus gen。Nov.，sp.11月以适应这种隔离。
A deep-branching Glade of Thaumarchaeota, conventionally called Terrestrial hot spring creanarchaeotic group (THSCG), is a missing link between thaumarchaeotic ammonia oxidizers and the deeper-branching non-ammonia oxidizers, such as Crenarchaeota and Candidatus Korarchaeota. Here, we report isolation of the first cultivated representative from the THSCG, named as NAS-02. Physiological characterization demonstrated that the isolate was a thermoacidophilic, sulfur-and iron-reducing organoheterotroph, which was supported by gene contents encoded in its complete genome. There was no evidence for ammonia oxidation by the isolate. Members in THSCG are likely thermophiles, and may play roles in degrading cell debris as a scavenger and in biogeochemical cycling of sulfur and iron in the hot environments, as suggested by the physiological characteristics of the isolate and the geographical distribution of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of THSCG in terrestrial hot springs and marine hydrothermal fields. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the THSCG lineage represented by NAS-02 has gained the ability of sulfur reduction via horizontal gene transfer. Based on the phylogeny and physiology, we propose the name Conexivisphaera calidus gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate the isolate.