Properties of orb weaving spider glycoprotein glue change during Argiope trifasciata web construction
Properties of orb weaving spider glycoprotein glue change during Argiope trifasciata web construction
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-56707-1
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发表时间：
2019-12-30
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Stellwagen, Sarah D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Opell, Brent D.;Stellwagen, Sarah D.
球网的猎物捕捉线依靠它的胶滴来留住昆虫，直到蜘蛛制服它们。每个液滴的粘弹性糖蛋白粘合剂核心延伸以消散猎物斗争的力量，因为它将力转移到更硬的支撑线鞭毛状纤维。在大的球形网中，在连续的捕获螺旋从网的外围进展到其内部之前，将之字形捕获线匝放置在网的底部。为了确定捕获线液滴的性质是否在网纺丝期间改变，我们表征了网的底部、顶部、中部和内部区域的液滴和糖蛋白体积以及材料性质。液滴和糖蛋白的体积在网络建设过程中下降，但有一个逐步增加的糖蛋白的杨氏模量和韧性。液滴含水材料百分比的增加表明材料性质的这些增加不是由于液滴吸湿性降低导致的糖蛋白粘度降低。相反，它们可能是由调节糖蛋白的水层化合物的变化引起的。糖蛋白韧性的6倍差异和杨氏模量的70倍差异在整个网络文件的表型可塑性，这种天然粘合剂和它的潜力，激发新材料。
An orb web's prey capture thread relies on its glue droplets to retain insects until a spider can subdue them. Each droplet's viscoelastic glycoprotein adhesive core extends to dissipate the forces of prey struggle as it transfers force to stiffer, support line flagelliform fibers. In large orb webs, switchback capture thread turns are placed at the bottom of the web before a continuous capture spiral progresses from the web's periphery to its interior. To determine if the properties of capture thread droplets change during web spinning, we characterized droplet and glycoprotein volumes and material properties from the bottom, top, middle, and inner regions of webs. Both droplet and glycoprotein volume decreased during web construction, but there was a progressive increase in the glycoprotein's Young's modulus and toughness. Increases in the percentage of droplet aqueous material indicated that these increases in material properties are not due to reduced glycoprotein viscosity resulting from lower droplet hygroscopicity. Instead, they may result from changes in aqueous layer compounds that condition the glycoprotein. A 6-fold difference in glycoprotein toughness and a 70-fold difference in Young's modulus across a web documents the phenotypic plasticity of this natural adhesive and its potential to inspire new materials.