Contributions of phase resetting and interlimb coordination to the adaptive control of hindlimb obstacle avoidance during locomotion in rats: a simulation study
Contributions of phase resetting and interlimb coordination to the adaptive control of hindlimb obstacle avoidance during locomotion in rats: a simulation study
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DOI：
10.1007/s00422-013-0546-6
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Tsuchiya, Kazuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aoi, Shinya;Kondo, Takahiro;Tsuchiya, Kazuo
在运动过程中避障是安全、平稳运动的必要条件。关于肌肉协同的生理学研究表明，少量基本模式的组合产生了运动过程中的大部分肌肉活动，而另一种模式的加入解释了肌肉的避障活动。此外，脊髓中的中枢模式产生器被认为管理产生这种基本模式的时间。在本研究中，我们采用神经肌肉骨骼模型研究了大鼠后肢在避障过程中的感觉-运动协调。我们基于大鼠的经验解剖数据构建了模型的肌肉骨骼部分，基于上述中枢模式发生器和肌肉协同的生理发现构建了神经系统模型。为了验证所构建模型的动态模拟效果，我们将模拟结果与大鼠实际运动时的运动学和肌电图数据进行了比较。此外，我们结合了基于相位重置和肢体间协调的生理证据的感觉调节模型，并研究了它们在运动过程中跨越障碍物的功能作用。研究结果表明，基于肢间协调的相位调节有助于跨越更高的障碍物，基于相位重置的相位调节有助于跨越障碍物后的快速恢复。这些结果表明在运动过程中产生成功避障的感觉调节的重要性。
Obstacle avoidance during locomotion is essential for safe, smooth locomotion. Physiological studies regarding muscle synergy have shown that the combination of a small number of basic patterns produces the large part of muscle activities during locomotion and the addition of another pattern explains muscle activities for obstacle avoidance. Furthermore, central pattern generators in the spinal cord are thought to manage the timing to produce such basic patterns. In the present study, we investigated sensory-motor coordination for obstacle avoidance by the hindlimbs of the rat using a neuromusculoskeletal model. We constructed the musculoskeletal part of the model based on empirical anatomical data of the rat and the nervous system model based on the aforementioned physiological findings of central pattern generators and muscle synergy. To verify the dynamic simulation by the constructed model, we compared the simulation results with kinematic and electromyographic data measured during actual locomotion in rats. In addition, we incorporated sensory regulation models based on physiological evidence of phase resetting and interlimb coordination and examined their functional roles in stepping over an obstacle during locomotion. Our results show that the phase regulation based on interlimb coordination contributes to stepping over a higher obstacle and that based on phase resetting contributes to quick recovery after stepping over the obstacle. These results suggest the importance of sensory regulation in generating successful obstacle avoidance during locomotion.