The status of human nuclear transfer
The status of human nuclear transfer
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DOI：
10.1007/bf02698057
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stojkovic, Miodrag
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hall, Vanessa J.;Stojkovic, Miodrag
人的治疗性克隆是体细胞核移植（SCNT）的一种新应用，目前正在进行，以产生用于未来干细胞治疗的患者特异性干细胞系。产生人核移植（NT）胚胎以衍生NT干细胞系的优点在于这些可以是定制的（即，本质上是自体的），并且可以克服在干细胞移植后施用终身免疫抑制的需要。虽然使用NT胚胎的理由不是为了生殖目的，但人类NT仍然笼罩在伦理，道德和宗教争议中。最近，韩国一个研究小组撤回了人类NT领域的高影响因子出版物，这使干细胞研究处于一个微妙的境地。这些广为宣传的问题可能会阻碍这项研究的进展，并可能使目前的研究完全停止。本文概述了人类NT的最新状况，其持续的进展和该领域面临的困难。最令人关注的是伦理问题，这围绕着获得人类卵母细胞用于研究。最近的证据表明，未能受精的卵母细胞是人类SCNT的不良来源，但获得新鲜的，有活力的卵母细胞可能更成问题。人类SCNT的现状概述在这篇评论中，特别提到，从动物研究中吸取的教训，卵母细胞的困境和优化的人NT。
Human therapeutic cloning is a recently emerged application of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), which is currently being performed to produce patient-specific stem cell lines for future stem cell therapies. The advantages in producing human nuclear transfer (NT) embryos to derive NT stem cell lines are that these can be tailor-made (i.e., are autologous in nature) for the patient and may overcome the need to administer lifelong immunosuppression following; stem cell transplantation. Although the rationale for using NT embryos is not for reproductive purposes, human NT remains clouded in ethical, moral, and religious controversies. The recent retraction of high-impact factor publications in the field of human NT from a research group in South Korea has placed stem cell research in a delicate situation. These heavily publicized issues may hinder the progress of this research and may threaten to bring current research to a complete halt. This review outlines the recent status of human NT, its continuing progress and the difficulties the field faces. Of most concern are the ethical issues, which surround obtaining human oocytes for research. Recent evidence suggests that failed-to-fertilize oocytes are poor sources for human SCNT, but obtaining fresh, viable oocytes may be even more problematic. The current status of human SCNT is outlined in this review with particular reference made to, lessons learnt from animal research, the oocyte dilemma and optimization of human NT.