Child problem recognition and help-seeking intentions among black and white parents.
Child problem recognition and help-seeking intentions among black and white parents.
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黑人和白人父母对儿童问题的认识和寻求帮助的意图。
DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2014.883929
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bogart,LauraM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thurston,IdiaB;Phares,Vicky;Coates,EricaE;Bogart,LauraM
父母在孩子利用心理健康服务方面发挥着核心作用。这项研究探讨了父母对儿童心理健康问题的认识与他们寻求帮助的决定之间的关系。参与者包括从社区招募的 251 名家长（49% 黑人，51% 白人；49% 父亲，51% 母亲）。父母的年龄从 20 岁到 66 岁不等，至少有一个孩子在 2 岁到 21 岁之间。父母阅读了三个小插图，描述了一名患有焦虑症、多动症且没有临床意义的诊断的孩子。父母完成了问题认知、需求感知、寻求帮助的意愿以及对精神疾病原因的信念的测量。广义估计方程的结果显示，父母在认识到问题时更有可能报告寻求帮助的意图（比值比 [OR] = 41.35，p< .001），95% 置信区间 (CI) [14.81, 115.49]；当它是一个外化问题时 (OR= 1.85,p<.05)，95% CI [1.14, 3.02]；当父母年龄较大时 (OR= 1.04,p<.05)，95% CI [1.01, 1.08]。父母问题认知的预测因素包括感知需求、先前患有精神疾病的经历以及相信创伤是精神疾病的原因。寻求帮助意图的预测因素包括问题认知、感知需求、外化问题类型和女性身份。考虑到父母问题认知与寻求帮助意愿之间的关系，研究结果表明，解决心理健康利用差异的努力可以集中于针对特定问题、性别敏感、可变因素，例如帮助父母重视寻求帮助以解决内在和外在的问题。
Parents play a central role in utilization of mental health services by their children. This study explored the relationship between parents' recognition of child mental health problems and their decisions to seek help. Participants included 251 parents (49% Black, 51% White; 49% fathers, 51% mothers) recruited from community settings. Parents ranged in age from 20 to 66 years old with at least one child between ages 2 and 21. Parents read three vignettes that described a child with an anxiety disorder, ADHD, and no clinically significant diagnosis. Parents completed measures of problem recognition, perception of need, willingness to seek help, and beliefs about causes of mental illness. Findings from Generalized Estimating Equations revealed that parents were more likely to report intentions to seek help when they recognized a problem (odds ratio [OR] = 41.35,p< .001), 95% confidence interval (CI) [14.81, 115.49]; when it was an externalizing problem (OR= 1.85,p< .05), 95% CI [1.14, 3.02]; and when parents were older (OR= 1.04,p< .05), 95% CI [1.01, 1.08]. Predictors of parental problem recognition included perceived need, prior experience with mental illness, and belief in trauma as a cause of mental illness. Predictors of help-seeking intentions included problem recognition, perceived need, externalizing problem type, and being female. Given the relationship between parental problem recognition and willingness to seek help, findings suggest that efforts to address disparities in mental health utilization could focus on problem-specific, gender-sensitive, mutable factors such as helping parents value help-seeking for internalizing as well as externalizing problems.