Neural basis of first and second language processing of sentence-level linguistic prosody
Neural basis of first and second language processing of sentence-level linguistic prosody
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句子级语言韵律第一和第二语言处理的神经基础
DOI：
10.1002/hbm.20255
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Lowe, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gandour, Jackson;Tong, Yunxia;Lowe, Mark
多语现象的一个基本问题是，多语者所讲的两种或多种语言的神经基质是共享的还是分离的。本研究采用功能磁共振成像技术研究了汉语和英语两种语言中句子焦点和句子类型的神经机制。迟发型、中等水平的汉英双语者被要求在L1和L2中选择性地注意成对三字句中的句子焦点或句子类型，并做出快速反应辨别判断。L1和L2在额叶、颞叶和顶叶引起高度重叠的激活。此外，感兴趣的区域分析显示，对于两种语言的句子焦点任务引起了边缘上脑回的不对称性，这两个任务引起了额中回中部的不对称性。在句子类型任务中，L1和L2之间的直接比较没有显示出任何大脑激活差异。然而，在句子焦点任务中，L2的激活程度高于L1，主要发生在双侧额前沟和额上级沟。句子焦点任务也引起了一个颞中回后颞叶不对称的L1。不同的激活模式主要归因于L1和L2在句子焦点的语音表现方面的差异。这种语音差异导致处理L2的计算需求增加。这些研究结果支持了这样的观点，即L1和L2介导的一个单一的神经系统，尽管收购的年龄晚，虽然额外的神经资源可能需要在特定的任务情况下，不平等的双语。
A fundamental question in multilingualism is whether the neural substrates are shared or segregated for the two or more languages spoken by polyglots. This study employs functional MRI to investigate the neural substrates underlying the perception of two sentence-level prosodic phenomena that occur in both Mandarin Chinese (L1) and English (L2): sentence focus (sentence-initial vs. -final position of contrastive stress) and sentence type (declarative vs. interrogative modality). Late-onset, medium proficiency Chinese-English bilinguals were asked to selectively attend to either sentence focus or sentence type in paired three-word sentences in both L1 and L2 and make speeded-response discrimination judgments. L1 and L2 elicited highly overlapping activations in frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Furthermore, region of interest analyses revealed that for both languages the sentence focus task elicited a leftward asymmetry in the supramarginal gyrus; both tasks elicited a rightward asymmetry in the mid-portion of the middle frontal gyrus. A direct comparison between L1 and L2 did not show any difference in brain activation in the sentence type task. In the sentence focus task, however, greater activation for L2 than L1 occurred in the bilateral anterior insula and superior frontal sulcus. The sentence focus task also elicited a leftward asymmetry in the posterior middle temporal gyrus for L1 only. Differential activation patterns are attributed primarily to disparities between L1 and L2 in the phonetic manifestation of sentence focus. Such phonetic divergences lead to increased computational demands for processing L2. These findings support the view that L1 and L2 are mediated by a unitary neural system despite late age of acquisition, although additional neural resources may be required in task-specific circumstances for unequal bilinguals.