Phylogeny and Zoogeography of the Planktonic Copepod Genus Tortanus (Calanoida: Tortanidae), With Establishment of a New Subgenus and Descriptions of Two New Species
Phylogeny and Zoogeography of the Planktonic Copepod Genus Tortanus (Calanoida: Tortanidae), With Establishment of a New Subgenus and Descriptions of Two New Species
复制标题
浮游桡足类 Tortanus 属（Calanoida：Tortanidae）的系统发育和动物地理学，以及新亚属的建立和两个新种的描述
DOI：
10.1163/193724098x00656
复制
发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
J. Reid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Ohtsuka;J. Reid
Tortanus（Boreotortanus）是一个新的亚属，是为适应北太平洋/西北大西洋种Tortanus而建立的。讨论了该属五个亚属的分类学和生态学特征。广义的Tortanus stricto出现在印度洋-西太平洋的富营养沃茨，Atortus出现在同一地区的贫营养沃茨，Eutortanus出现在东亚的半咸水沃茨，Acutanus出现在西北大西洋的富营养沃茨，Boreotortanus出现在北太平洋和西北大西洋的富营养沃茨。描述了两个新种：T.（Eutortanus）terminalis和T（Acutanus）ecornatus。根据分支系统学和动物地理学分析，建立了5个亚属的系统发育关系。Boreotortanus可能起源于日本海; Eutortanus可能起源于中国东海; Tortanus sensu stricto可能起源于印度-马来亚地区。最后的分歧是由Atortus-Acutanus分支，其特征是减少的元素上的触角，触角，腿2和3的两种性别，和延长的左腿5男性。Acutanus的祖先可能在中中新世至上新世期间从印度-马来亚地区通过巴拿马地峡殖民了西北大西洋。看来，Atortus第一次成功地利用明确的贫营养沃茨，并在发展群集行为，以避免视觉捕食者在这样的明确沃茨。在更新世期间，这些原本热带的桡足类似乎已经二次适应了沿着东亚群岛的寒冷沃茨。
Tortanus (Boreotortanus), new subgenus, is established to accommodate the North Pacific/northwestern Atlantic species T. discaudatus and the taxonomy and ecology of the five subgenera in the genus Tortanus are discussed. Tortanus sensu stricto occurs in eutrophic waters in the Indo-West Pacific, Atortus in oligotrophic waters in the same region, Eutortanus in brackish waters in East Asia, Acutanus in eutrophic waters in the northwestern Atlantic, and Boreotortanus in eutrophic waters in the North Pacific and the northwestern Atlantic. Two new species are described: T. (Eutortanus) terminalis and T (Acutanus) ecornatus. Phylogenetic relationships among the 5 subgenera were constructed based on cladistic and zoogeographical analyses. Boreotortanus may have originated in the Sea of Japan; Eutortanus in the East China Sea; Tortanus sensu stricto in the Indo-Malayan region. The final divergence is represented by the Atortus-Acutanus clade, which is characterized by reductions of elements on the antennule, the antenna, legs 2 and 3 of both sexes, and elongation of the left leg 5 of males. The ancestor of Acutanus could have colonized the northwestern Atlantic from the Indo-Malayan region through the Isthmus of Panama during the Middle Miocene to Pliocene. It appears that Atortus first succeeded in exploiting clear oligotrophic waters and in developing swarming behavior to avoid visual predators in such clear waters. These originally tropical copepods seem to have secondarily adapted to cold waters along the East Asian archipelagoes during the Pleistocene.