Large Cigars: Smoking Topography and Toxicant Exposure
Large Cigars: Smoking Topography and Toxicant Exposure
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntw289
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Koszowski, Bartosz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rosenberry, Zachary R.;Pickworth, Wallace B.;Koszowski, Bartosz
尽管吸烟人数有所减少并且控烟工作有所加强，但美国的雪茄消费仍在继续。我们比较了大雪茄和卷烟的使用模式、吸烟地形和有毒物质暴露。双重使用者（n = 17，94% 男性，77% 非裔美国人）在两次实验室会议中随意吸食他们常用的香烟品牌或研究大雪茄（Phillies Blunt）。吸烟前后收集血浆尼古丁和呼出的一氧化碳。还收集了吸烟量、吸烟持续时间、吸烟速度和吸烟间隔的吸烟地形测量。香烟和大雪茄均显着增加血浆尼古丁和一氧化碳，并显着降低吸烟的冲动。每吸一克烟草和每吸 1000 毫升烟量，香烟会释放更多的尼古丁。抽大雪茄时，抽吸次数、吸烟时间、抽吸量和抽吸速度明显增多，抽吸间隔明显缩短。大雪茄和香烟在开始吸烟时更强烈地抽吸的时间模式是相似的。经常使用大雪茄和香烟的人会调整他们的吸烟模式，以便他们从每种产品中接触到相似水平的尼古丁。血浆尼古丁和一氧化碳立即增加表明大量吸入雪茄烟雾。这些数据对吸雪茄比吸香烟毒性更小的假设提出了质疑。通过抽大雪茄，双重使用者会将自己暴露在与吸烟成瘾风险、发病率和死亡率相关的有毒成分中。这项研究发现，同时抽大雪茄和香烟会吸入大量的一氧化碳、尼古丁，可能还吸入主流烟雾中的其他成分。大量接触雪茄烟雾可能会导致或维持尼古丁成瘾，并使大量雪茄消费者面临与吸烟相关的类似风险，例如肺癌和心血管疾病。
Cigar smoking in the United States continues despite decreases in cigarette smoking and increased tobacco control efforts. We compared large cigar and cigarette smoking for use patterns, smoking topography, and toxicant exposure.Dual users (n = 17, 94% men, 77% African American) smoked ad libitum either their usual cigarette brand or a study large cigar (Phillies Blunt) in two laboratory sessions. Plasma nicotine and exhaled carbon monoxide were collected before and after smoking. Smoking topography measures of puff volume, puff duration, puff velocity, and interpuff interval were also collected.Both cigarettes and large cigars significantly increased plasma nicotine and carbon monoxide and significantly decreased the urge to smoke. Cigarettes delivered more nicotine per gram of tobacco smoked and per 1000 mL of puff volume. Number of puffs, time to smoke, puff volume, and puff velocity were significantly larger and interpuff interval was significantly shorter in large cigar smoking. The temporal pattern of puffing more intensely at the beginning of smoking was similar for both large cigars and cigarettes.People who regularly use both large cigars and cigarettes adapt their smoking pattern such that they are exposed to similar levels of nicotine from each product. The immediate increase in plasma nicotine and carbon monoxide suggest significant inhalation of large cigar smoke. These data call to question the assumption that cigar smoking is less toxic than cigarette smoking. By smoking large cigars, dual users expose themselves to toxic components that have been linked with the addiction risk, morbidity, and mortality of cigarette smoking.This study found that dual users of large cigars and cigarettes inhale significant quantities of carbon monoxide, nicotine, and presumably other components of mainstream smoke. Large cigar smoke exposure may lead to or sustain nicotine addiction as wells as subject large cigar consumers to similar risks associated with cigarette smoking such as lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.