A conjoined universal helper epitope can unveil antitumor effects of a neoantigen vaccine targeting an MHC class I-restricted neoepitope.

A conjoined universal helper epitope can unveil antitumor effects of a neoantigen vaccine targeting an MHC class I-restricted neoepitope.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41541-020-00273-5
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发表时间:
2021-01-18
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Sampson JH
Sampson JH
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Swartz AM;Congdon KL;Nair SK;Li QJ;Herndon JE 2nd;Suryadevara CM;Riccione KA;Archer GE;Norberg PK;Sanchez-Perez LA;Sampson JH

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针对由体细胞错义突变产生的新抗原的个体化癌症疫苗目前正在被评估用于治疗各种癌症,因为它们有可能引发多价的肿瘤特异性免疫反应。一些癌症表达少量的新抗原;在这些情况下,确保每个新抗原衍生表位(neoepitope)的免疫治疗潜力至关重要。在这项研究中,我们发现针对免疫显性主要组织相容性复合体(MHC) i限制性新表位的治疗性疫苗需要一个连体辅助表位,以诱导细胞毒性,新表位特异性CD8+ t细胞应答。此外,我们发现普遍免疫原性辅助表位P30可以实现这一必要的辅助功能。值得注意的是,联合P30能够揭示对亚显性MHC i限制性新表位的免疫和抗肿瘤反应,否则,免疫原性很差。总之,这些数据为有效的新抗原疫苗设计提供了关键见解,并展示了使用通用辅助表位的可翻译策略,该策略可以改善对MHC i限制性新表位的治疗反应。
Personalized cancer vaccines targeting neoantigens arising from somatic missense mutations are currently being evaluated for the treatment of various cancers due to their potential to elicit a multivalent, tumor-specific immune response. Several cancers express a low number of neoantigens; in these cases, ensuring the immunotherapeutic potential of each neoantigen-derived epitope (neoepitope) is crucial. In this study, we discovered that therapeutic vaccines targeting immunodominant major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I-restricted neoepitopes require a conjoined helper epitope in order to induce a cytotoxic, neoepitope-specific CD8+ T-cell response. Furthermore, we show that the universally immunogenic helper epitope P30 can fulfill this requisite helper function. Remarkably, conjoined P30 was able to unveil immune and antitumor responses to subdominant MHC I-restricted neoepitopes that were, otherwise, poorly immunogenic. Together, these data provide key insights into effective neoantigen vaccine design and demonstrate a translatable strategy using a universal helper epitope that can improve therapeutic responses to MHC I-restricted neoepitopes.
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