DNA nicks induce mutational signatures associated with BRCA1 deficiency.

DNA nicks induce mutational signatures associated with BRCA1 deficiency.
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DNA 缺口诱导与 BRCA1 缺陷相关的突变特征

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-32011-x
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发表时间:
2022-07-25
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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对人类癌症基因组序列的分析揭示了与BRCA1缺陷型肿瘤相关的特定突变特征,但潜在机制仍知之甚少。在此,我们表明由DNA复制从CRISPR/Cas9诱导的切口转化而来的单端DNA双链断裂(DSB),而非双端DSB,在Brca1缺陷细胞中比在野生型细胞中导致更具特征性的染色体畸变和微核。BRCA1是这些切口转化的DSB进行高效同源重组所必需的,并抑制在复制链不对称情况下由两轮链侵入介导的长片段基因转换和串联重复(TD)偏向。然而,这些切口转化的单端DSB在Brca1缺陷细胞中的异常修复,而非双端DSB的异常修复,产生了突变特征,例如在连接处具有微同源性(MH)的小插入缺失、易位和小的MH介导的TD,类似于BRCA1缺陷型肿瘤中的情况。这些结果表明DNA切口对癌症中与BRCA1缺陷相关的突变特征及其潜在机制有重要贡献。 目前仍不清楚在癌症中与BRCA1相关的突变特征是如何产生的。在此,作者开发了基于nCas9的方法,揭示由复制从DNA切口转化而来的单端DSB的异常修复,而非双端DSB的异常修复,诱导了此类突变特征。
Analysis of human cancer genome sequences has revealed specific mutational signatures associated withBRCA1-deficient tumors, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that one-ended DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) converted from CRISPR/Cas9-induced nicks by DNA replication, not two-ended DSBs, cause more characteristic chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei inBrca1-deficient cells than in wild-type cells. BRCA1 is required for efficient homologous recombination of these nick-converted DSBs and suppresses bias towards long tract gene conversion and tandem duplication (TD) mediated by two-round strand invasion in a replication strand asymmetry. However, aberrant repair of these nick-converted one-ended DSBs, not that of two-ended DSBs inBrca1-deficient cells, generates mutational signatures such as small indels with microhomology (MH) at the junctions, translocations and small MH-mediated TDs, resembling those inBRCA1-deficient tumors. These results suggest a major contribution of DNA nicks to mutational signatures associated withBRCA1deficiency in cancer and the underlying mechanisms.
利用准确的非同源末端连接在 CRISPR/Cas9 介导的基因组编辑中实现高效精确删除
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