Effect of Crop Rotation and Cereal Monoculture on the Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and on Crop Infestation with Weeds and Soil Properties
Effect of Crop Rotation and Cereal Monoculture on the Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat Grain and on Crop Infestation with Weeds and Soil Properties
复制标题
轮作和谷物单一栽培对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质以及作物杂草侵染和土壤性质的影响
DOI：
10.1007/s42106-019-00044-w
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
A. Woźniak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Woźniak
采用随机区组精确定位试验，研究了轮作和29年单作对冬小麦产量、品质、秸秆产量、杂草发生率、土壤有机碳、全氮含量和蚯蚓数量的影响。冬小麦在两种作物演替系统中播种：（1）轮作（CR）和（2）谷类单作（CM）。结果表明，与常规耕作相比，常规耕作小麦产量下降了32%。CM系统的籽粒产量降低是由于比CR系统的穗数m-2低、千粒重低、穗短和每穗粒重低。CM处理小麦籽粒的湿面筋含量较低，籽粒整齐度和容重较低，总灰分含量较高。CM系统的杂草数量和气干重分别比CR系统高57.1%和75%。杂草的种类组成也存在差异。从CM地块收集的土壤样品含有较少的有机C和总N比来自CR系统的样品。CM系统的土壤样品中蚯蚓的数量也低于CR土壤样品。
An exact experiment, established in a system of randomized blocks, was aimed at determining the effect of crop rotation and 29-year cereal monoculture on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain as well as on straw yield, crop infestation with weeds, contents of organic C and total N in the soil, and the number of earthworms in the soil. Winter wheat was sown in two systems of crop succession: (1) in crop rotation (CR), and (2) in a cereal monoculture (CM). Winter wheat cultivation in the CM system resulted in a decrease of grain yield by 32%, compared to the CR system. Its grain yield reduction in the CM system was due to a lower number of spikes m−2, lower 1000 grain weight, shorter spikes, and lower grain weight per spike, than in the CR system. Wheat grain from the CM system was characterized by a lower content of wet gluten, lesser grain uniformity and grain volume weight, and contained more total ash than the grain from the CR system. The number and air-dry weight of weeds were higher in the CM than in the CR system by 57.1% and 75%, respectively. Differences were also demonstrated in the species composition of weeds. The soil samples collected from the CM plot contained less organic C and total N than the samples derived from the CR system. Soil samples from the CM system had also a lower number of earthworms compared to the CR soil samples.