Distribution and diversity of natural product genes in marine and freshwater cyanobacterial cultures and genomes
Distribution and diversity of natural product genes in marine and freshwater cyanobacterial cultures and genomes
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.71.11.7401-7413.2005
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Webb, EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ehrenreich, IM;Waterbury, JB;Webb, EA
天然产物是一类功能多样的生物化学合成化合物，包括抗生素、毒素和铁载体。在本文中，我们描述了天然产物活性的检测和基因片段的序列鉴定，这些基因片段来自两个分子系统，即非核糖体肽合成酶（NRPSs）和模块化聚酮合成酶（PKSs），在不同的海洋和淡水蓝藻培养中涉及天然产物的生产。利用简并PCR和克隆产物测序，我们发现NRPSs和pks在蓝藻中是常见的。我们的分子数据，当与完成的和正在进行的蓝藻基因组的基因组搜索相结合时，表明并不是所有的蓝藻都含有NRPS和PKS基因，丝状和异囊蓝藻是这些基因最丰富的来源，也是门内最可能的新型天然产物的来源。除了验证简并引物在蓝藻中鉴定PKS和NRPS基因的使用外，本研究还定义了许多基因片段，这些片段将为蓝藻中天然产物合成的未来研究提供有用的探针。在本研究中测序的蓝藻NRPS和PKS片段的系统发育分析，以及来自蓝藻基因组项目的分析，表明在蓝藻中存在着显著的多样性和这些基因的新颖性。这些结果强调了这些无处不在的生物产生的新产品的潜在多样性。
Natural products are a functionally diverse class of biochemically synthesized compounds, which include antibiotics, toxins, and siderophores. In this paper, we describe both the detection of natural product activities and the sequence identification of gene fragments from two molecular systems that have previously been implicated in natural product production, i.e., nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and modular polyketide synthases (PKSs), in diverse marine and freshwater cyanobacterial cultures. Using degenerate PCR and the sequencing of cloned products, we show that NRPSs and PKSs are common among the cyanobacteria tested. Our molecular data, when combined with genomic searches of finished and progressing cyanobacterial genomes, demonstrate that not all cyanobacteria contain NRPS and PKS genes and that the filamentous and heterocystous cyanobacteria are the richest sources of these genes and the most likely sources of novel natural products within the phylum. In addition to validating the use of degenerate primers for the identification of PKS and NRPS genes in cyanobacteria, this study also defines numerous gene fragments that will be useful as probes for future studies of the synthesis of natural products in cyanobacteria. Phylogenetic analyses of the cyanobacterial NRPS and PKS fragments sequenced in this study, as well as those from the cyanobacterial genome projects, demonstrate that there is remarkable diversity and likely novelty of these genes within the cyanobacteria. These results underscore the potential variety of novel products being produced by these ubiquitous organisms.