THE FIRST HIGH-PHASE OBSERVATIONS OF A KBO: NEW HORIZONS IMAGING OF (15810) 1994 JR1 FROM THE KUIPER BELT
THE FIRST HIGH-PHASE OBSERVATIONS OF A KBO: NEW HORIZONS IMAGING OF (15810) 1994 JR1 FROM THE KUIPER BELT
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KBO 的首次高位相观测：柯伊伯带 (15810) 1994 JR1 的新视野成像
DOI：
10.3847/2041-8205/828/2/l15
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
The New Horizons Team
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Porter;J. Spencer;S. Benecchi;A. Verbiscer;A. Zangari;H. Weaver;T. Lauer;A. Parker;M. Buie;A. Cheng;L. Young;C. Olkin;K. Ennico;S. Stern;The New Horizons Team
美国宇航局的新视野号航天器于2015年11月2日使用长距离侦察成像仪（LORRI）从1.85 Au的距离观察到（15810）1994 JR 1，一个3：2共振柯伊伯带天体（KBO），并于2016年4月7日再次从0.71 Au的距离观察到。这是第一次近距离观测冥王星以外的KBO。结合地面和哈勃空间望远镜（HST）在小相位角下的观测以及LORRI在大相位角下的观测，我们首次获得了α = 0.°6-58°典型KBO的盘积分太阳相位曲线。这些几何形状的观测，只能从外太阳系的航天器上获得，限制了表面的性质，如宏观粗糙度和单粒子相函数。1994 JR 1表面粗糙，平均地形倾角为37° ± 5°，自转周期为5.47 ± 0.33小时，目前距冥王星2.7 Au;我们的天体测量点能够实现高精度的轨道确定和积分，表明它每240万年接近冥王星一次（104个日心轨道），导致冥王星扰动1994 JR 1。在11月的航天器观测期间，使用HST以两种颜色同时观测到KBO，证实了它非常红的光谱斜率。这些观测为新地平线-柯伊伯带扩展使命中许多潜在的未来遥远KBO观测奠定了基础。
NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft observed (15810) 1994 JR1, a 3:2 resonant Kuiper belt object (KBO), using the LOng Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) on 2015 November 2 from a distance of 1.85 au and again on 2016 April 7 from a distance of 0.71 au. These were the first close observations of any KBO other than Pluto. Combining ground-based and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations at small phase angles and the LORRI observations at higher phase angles, we produced the first disk-integrated solar phase curve of a typical KBO from α = 0.°6–58°. Observations at these geometries, attainable only from a spacecraft in the outer solar system, constrain surface properties such as macroscopic roughness and the single particle phase function. 1994 JR1 has a rough surface with a 37° ± 5° mean topographic slope angle and has a relatively rapid rotation period of 5.47 ± 0.33 hr. 1994 JR1 is currently 2.7 au from Pluto; our astrometric points enable high-precision orbit determination and integrations that show that it comes this close to Pluto every 2.4 million years (104 heliocentric orbits), causing Pluto to perturb 1994 JR1. During the November spacecraft observation, the KBO was simultaneously observed using HST in two colors, confirming its very red spectral slope. These observations have laid the groundwork for numerous potential future distant KBO observations in the New Horizons–Kuiper belt extended mission.