Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization
Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization
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DOI：
10.1017/s0016756811000720
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Vendrasco, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kouchinsky, Artem;Bengtson, Stefan;Vendrasco, Michael
本文根据改进的碳同位素地层学和放射性定年法，对西伯利亚台地和世界范围内首次出现的具有矿化骨架的主要动物类群的资料进行了修订和总结，以便以更高的精度重建寒武纪辐射（俗称“寒武纪大爆发”），并为寒武纪第二至第四阶段的定义提供依据。在Terreneuvian时代（主要是Fortunian时代），Lophotrochozoa和Chaetognatha是最早实现生物矿化的原生生口动物。在第3阶段，光藻体内的快速进化辐射随后是硬化和生物矿化的外生藻的辐射。以棘皮动物为代表的后口动物的第一批矿化骨架出现在寒武纪第三期中期。海绵动物和刺胞动物的化石记录表明，它们在新元古代晚期获得了生物矿化的骨骼，但确定海绵动物和刺胞动物的多样化与双边动物的多样化是平行的。上埃迪卡拉统至下寒武统的碳酸钙骨骼矿物学分布反映了全球海洋化学的波动，表明寒武纪辐射主要发生在文石和高镁方解石海洋时期。
Data on the first appearances of major animal groups with mineralized skeletons on the Siberian Platform and worldwide are revised and summarized herein with references to an improved carbon isotope stratigraphy and radiometric dating in order to reconstruct the Cambrian radiation (popularly known as the 'Cambrian explosion') with a higher precision and provide a basis for the definition of Cambrian Stages 2 to 4. The Lophotrochozoa and, probably, Chaetognatha were first among protostomians to achieve biomineralization during the Terreneuvian Epoch, mainly the Fortunian Age. Fast evolutionary radiation within the Lophotrochozoa was followed by radiation of the sclerotized and biomineralized Ecdysozoa during Stage 3. The first mineralized skeletons of the Deuterostomia, represented by echinoderms, appeared in the middle of Cambrian Stage 3. The fossil record of sponges and cnidarians suggests that they acquired biomineralized skeletons in the late Neoproterozoic, but diversification of both definite sponges and cnidarians was in parallel to that of bilaterians. The distribution of calcium carbonate skeletal mineralogies from the upper Ediacaran to lower Cambrian reflects fluctuations in the global ocean chemistry and shows that the Cambrian radiation occurred mainly during a time of aragonite and high-magnesium calcite seas.