KRESNIK: A top-down, statistical approach to understand the fire performance of building facades using standard test data
KRESNIK: A top-down, statistical approach to understand the fire performance of building facades using standard test data
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106540
复制
发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
M. Bonner;W. Węgrzyński;Bartłomiej K. Papis;G. Rein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Bonner;W. Węgrzyński;Bartłomiej K. Papis;G. Rein
立面是建筑中最复杂的部分之一，对居住者具有多重价值。高层建筑立面火灾的频率正在增加，因此了解此类立面在火灾中的行为至关重要，但目前没有理论，模型或一系列实验允许这种理解。本文采用自上而下、数据驱动的方法，通过分析一个名为KRESNIK的独特数据库来理解立面行为，该数据库包含252个商业立面火灾测试，这是首次分析此类数据。我们发现这些测试的输出是相关的，这可以用来获得更多的立面性能信息，而不仅仅是通过或不通过；立面的不同层可以产生显著的效果，特别是增加一个空腔。雨幕外墙表现最差（45%失败），而克雷斯尼克的ETICS或夹层板没有失败。我们还发现，这些雨幕的包层材料的选择是驱动其防火性能的最重要因素，但其总燃料和导电电阻都不能预测防火性能。最后，我们发现对相同立面的重复测试可能会在输出中产生重大变化，但立面是否点燃往往在重复中保持一致。这些结果有助于确定立面可燃性的关键因素，更好地为工程决策提供信息，并有助于安全高层建筑的设计。
The facade is one of the most complex parts of a building, performing multiple objectives of value to the occupants. The frequency of facade fires in tall buildings is increasing, therefore it is crucial to understand the behaviour of such facades in a fire, but there is currently no theory, model, or series of experiments that allows this understanding. This paper takes a top-down, data driven approach to understanding facade behaviour by analysing a unique database, named KRESNIK, containing 252 commercial facade fire tests, the first time such data has been analysed. We found that the outputs from these tests were correlated, which could be used to gain more information of facade performance than simply pass or fail; and that the different layers of a facade can have a significant effect, particularly the addition of a cavity. Rainscreen facades performed the worst (45% failed), whereas none of the ETICS or sandwich panels in KRESNIK failed. We also found that the choice of cladding material of these rainscreens is the most important factor in driving their fire performance, but that neither its total fuel nor its conductive resistance can predict fire performance. Finally, we found that repeated tests of identical facades could have major variations in the outputs, but that whether the facade ignited or not tended to remain consistent across repeats. These results help to identify critical factors in facade flammability, better informing engineering decisions, and contributing to the design of safe tall buildings.