Multiband gravitational-wave searches for ultralight bosons
Multiband gravitational-wave searches for ultralight bosons
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.102.083020
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发表时间：
2020-07
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
K. Ng;M. Isi;C. Haster;S. Vitale
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Ng;M. Isi;C. Haster;S. Vitale
引力波可能是由超轻玻色子产生的少数几个直接可观测的物质之一，超轻玻色子是暗物质的候选者，可能是粒子理论，高能物理和宇宙学中几个问题的关键。这些类轴子粒子可以自发地在天体物理学黑洞周围形成“云”，导致连续引力波的强发射，可以被地面和太空中的仪器检测到。尽管已经对这种情况进行了彻底的研究，但尚未认识到这两种类型的检测器可以串联使用（称为“多带”的实践）。在这篇文章中，我们展示了未来地面和太空中的引力波探测器将能够协同工作，探测质量为25\lesssim \mu/\left（10^{-15}\，\mathrm{eV}\right）\lesssim 500\$的超轻玻色子。在探测双星黑洞吸入时，丽莎空间使命将提供关键信息，使未来的地面探测器，如宇宙探索者或爱因斯坦望远镜，能够搜索观测到的双星中单个黑洞周围玻色子云的信号。我们制定了检测策略，并专注于标量玻色子，图表合适的参数空间。我们研究了对系统历史的无知的影响，包括云的年龄和黑洞的旋转。我们还考虑了潮汐共振，可能会破坏玻色子云之前，其引力信号变得可检测的地面后续行动。最后，我们将展示如何考虑所有这些因素，以及丽莎测量中的不确定性，以获得玻色子质量的限制，从地面观测丽莎促进。
Gravitational waves may be one of the few direct observables produced by ultralight bosons, conjectured dark matter candidates that could be the key to several problems in particle theory, high-energy physics and cosmology. These axionlike particles could spontaneously form "clouds" around astrophysical black holes, leading to potent emission of continuous gravitational waves that could be detected by instruments on the ground and in space. Although this scenario has been thoroughly studied, it has not been yet appreciated that both types of detector may be used in tandem (a practice known as "multibanding"). In this paper, we show that future gravitational-wave detectors on the ground and in space will be able to work together to detect ultralight bosons with masses $25 \lesssim \mu/\left(10^{-15}\, \mathrm{eV}\right)\lesssim 500$. In detecting binary-black-hole inspirals, the LISA space mission will provide crucial information enabling future ground-based detectors, like Cosmic Explorer or Einstein Telescope, to search for signals from boson clouds around the individual black holes in the observed binaries. We lay out the detection strategy and, focusing on scalar bosons, chart the suitable parameter space. We study the impact of ignorance about the system's history, including cloud age and black hole spin. We also consider the tidal resonances that may destroy the boson cloud before its gravitational signal becomes detectable by a ground-based follow-up. Finally, we show how to take all of these factors into account, together with uncertainties in the LISA measurement, to obtain boson mass constraints from the ground-based observation facilitated by LISA.