Urban Sustainability and the Urban Forms of China's Leading Mega Cities: Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou
Urban Sustainability and the Urban Forms of China's Leading Mega Cities: Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou
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DOI：
10.1080/08111146.2012.737578
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Chiu, Rebecca L. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiu, Rebecca L. H.
20世纪80年代以来，中国的城市化和经济发展迅速，可持续发展日益主导全球规划趋势。中国三大城市北京、上海和广州均在其城市形态规划策略中采用了可持续发展原则。然而，他们的实际城市发展尚未实现这些可持续原则。本文认为，这种可持续性表现是城市部门市场化改革的结果。由于压缩并不是政府有意识地提高可持续性的努力，因此这三个城市与其城市形态相关的可持续性效益和弊端与紧凑城市模型中假设的不同。研究发现，城市政策对某些可持续性效益/弊端的影响力比城市形态更大。上海和广州在发展新型城市群方面比北京取得了更大的成功，这说明在设计多节点城市形态时需要考虑主办城市的经济结构。
Rapid urbanisation and economic development in China since the 1980s have taken place while sustainable development has increasingly dominated the global planning trends. The three leading cities in ChinaBeijing, Shanghai and Guangzhouhave invariably adopted sustainability principles in their urban form planning strategies. However, their actual urban development has not yet realised these sustainability tenets. This article argues that such sustainability performance has resulted from the marketisation reforms in the urban sector. As compaction was not the governments' conscious effort to improve sustainability, the sustainability benefits and disbenefits of these three cities associated with their urban forms differed from those postulated in the compact city model. Urban policies were found to be more influential on some sustainability benefits/disbenefits than urban forms. The better successes of Shanghai and Guangzhou in developing new urban conglomerations over Beijing speaks for the need to consider the economic structure of the host city in devising multi-nodal urban forms.